Subdirección General de Nutrición, Agencia Española de Seguridad Alimentaria y Nutrición, Ministerio de Sanidad, Madrid, Spain.
Servicio de Epidemiología, Consejería de Salud de la Región de Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
An Pediatr (Engl Ed). 2024 Apr;100(4):233-240. doi: 10.1016/j.anpede.2024.03.009. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Childhood excess weight is a growing public health problem. The aim of this study was to assess temporal trends in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity in schoolchildren aged 6-9 years in Spain between 2011 and 2019 based on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics.
The analysis included data from the 2011, 2015 and 2019 rounds of the cross-sectional observational and descriptive ALADINO study in schoolchildren of both sexes aged 6-9 years. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity (defined according to the criteria of the World Health Organization and the International Obesity Task Force) and of central obesity, in addition to associated demographic and socioeconomic variables.
Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight (WHO criteria) decreased in boys aged 6, 7 and 8 years (by -5.4%, -5.7% and -5.3%, respectively) and boys whose parents had a higher educational attainment (by -5.3%). In relation to the socioeconomic level, overweight in boys declined at all income levels. However, between 2011 and 2019, both the prevalence of overweight in girls and the prevalence of obesity (applying the WHO and IOTF criteria) and the prevalence of central obesity in both sexes remained stable.
The prevalence of overweight and the prevalence of obesity in schoolchildren aged 6-9 years in Spain remain high. Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight in children aged 6-8 years and in children whose parents had university degrees decreased, whereas obesity in boys, overweight and obesity in girls and central obesity in both sexes remained stable.
儿童超重是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。本研究旨在评估 2011 年至 2019 年期间西班牙 6-9 岁学龄儿童超重、肥胖和中心性肥胖的流行率随时间的变化趋势，并根据人口统计学和社会经济特征进行分析。
该分析包括了来自 2011 年、2015 年和 2019 年的横断面观察性和描述性 ALADINO 研究的数据，该研究纳入了 6-9 岁的男女学龄儿童。我们对超重和肥胖（根据世界卫生组织和国际肥胖工作组的标准定义）以及中心性肥胖的流行率趋势进行了描述性分析，并对相关的人口统计学和社会经济变量进行了分析。
2011 年至 2019 年间，6 岁、7 岁和 8 岁男孩的超重（WHO 标准）流行率分别下降了 5.4%、5.7%和 5.3%，父母受教育程度较高的男孩（下降了 5.3%）。就社会经济水平而言，所有收入水平的男孩超重率都有所下降。然而，2011 年至 2019 年间，女孩超重率、肥胖（采用 WHO 和 IOTF 标准）率以及两性中心性肥胖率均保持稳定。
西班牙 6-9 岁学龄儿童超重和肥胖的流行率仍然很高。2011 年至 2019 年间，6-8 岁儿童和父母受过大学教育的儿童的超重率下降，而男孩肥胖、女孩超重和肥胖以及两性中心性肥胖率保持稳定。
