Wu Xiuyun, Ohinmaa Arto, Veugelers Paul J, Maximova Katerina
School of Public Health, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1C9, Canada.
MAP Centre for Urban Health Solutions, Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael's Hospital, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada.
Children (Basel). 2024 Mar 14;11(3):346. doi: 10.3390/children11030346.
Poor health behaviours in childhood, including sedentary behaviour, low physical activity levels, inadequate sleep, and unhealthy diet, are established risk factors for both chronic diseases and mental illness. Scant studies have examined the importance of such health behaviour patterns for health-related quality of life (HRQoL). This study aimed to examine the association of health behaviour patterns with HRQoL among Canadian children. Data from 2866 grade five students were collected through a provincially representative school-based survey of the 2014 Raising Healthy Eating and Active Living Kids in Alberta study. Latent class analysis was used to identify health behaviour patterns based on 11 lifestyle behaviours: sedentary behaviour (using a computer, playing video games, watching TV), physical activity (with and without a coach), sleep (bedtime on weekdays and weekends), and diet (fruit and vegetables intake, grain products, milk and alternatives, meat and alternatives). Multivariable multilevel logistic regression was applied to examine the associations of health behaviour patterns with HRQoL. Three groupings with distinct health behaviour patterns were identified: the first grouping (55%) is characterized by relatively healthy levels of sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sleep, but a less healthy diet ("activity-focused" group). The second grouping (24%) is characterized by a relatively healthy diet, but moderately healthy levels of sedentary behaviour, physical activity, and sleep ("diet-focused" group). The third grouping (21%) is characterized by mostly unhealthy behaviours ("not health-focused" group). Students in the third and second groupings ("not health-focused" and "diet-focused") were more likely to report lower HRQoL relative to students in the first grouping ("activity-focused"). The findings suggest that health promotion strategies may be more effective when considering the patterns of health behaviours as distinct targets in the efforts to improve HRQoL. Future research should include prospective observational and intervention studies to further elucidate the relationship between health behaviour patterns and HRQoL among children.
儿童期的不良健康行为，包括久坐行为、低体力活动水平、睡眠不足和不健康饮食，是慢性病和精神疾病既定的危险因素。很少有研究探讨此类健康行为模式对健康相关生活质量（HRQoL）的重要性。本研究旨在探讨加拿大儿童健康行为模式与HRQoL之间的关联。通过对2014年艾伯塔省培养健康饮食与积极生活儿童研究进行的一项具有省级代表性的校本调查，收集了2866名五年级学生的数据。潜在类别分析用于根据11种生活方式行为确定健康行为模式：久坐行为（使用电脑、玩电子游戏、看电视）、体力活动（有教练指导和无教练指导）、睡眠（工作日和周末的就寝时间）以及饮食（水果和蔬菜摄入量、谷物产品、牛奶及替代品、肉类及替代品）。应用多变量多水平逻辑回归来检验健康行为模式与HRQoL之间的关联。确定了三种具有不同健康行为模式的分组：第一组（55%）的特征是久坐行为、体力活动和睡眠水平相对健康，但饮食不太健康（“以活动为重点”组）。第二组（24%）的特征是饮食相对健康，但久坐行为、体力活动和睡眠水平中等健康（“以饮食为重点”组）。第三组（21%）的特征是大多为不健康行为（“不以健康为重点”组）。与第一组（“以活动为重点”）的学生相比，第三组和第二组（“不以健康为重点”和“以饮食为重点”）的学生更有可能报告较低水平的HRQoL。研究结果表明，在努力改善HRQoL时，将健康行为模式作为不同目标来考虑，健康促进策略可能会更有效。未来的研究应包括前瞻性观察性研究和干预性研究，以进一步阐明儿童健康行为模式与HRQoL之间的关系。
