De Benedittis Giuseppe
Department of Neurosurgery, University of Milano, 20125 Milano, Italy.
Brain Sci. 2024 Mar 4;14(3):249. doi: 10.3390/brainsci14030249.
Hypnosis, a time-honored therapeutic approach, has gained widespread recognition for its effectiveness in addressing a range of psychological and somatic disorders. While its primary effects are mediated by central top-down mechanisms, hypnosis also exerts peripheral influence by modulating the autonomic nervous system (ANS). Psychophysiological measures, such as heart rate (HR) and its variability (HRV), electrodermal activity (EDA), respiratory rate (RR), and the analgesia nociceptive index (ANI), serve as reliable indicators of ANS activity. Studies have consistently demonstrated hypnosis' ability to significantly impact ANS functions, lowering sympathetic activity and enhancing parasympathetic tone. This effect is particularly pronounced during relaxation procedures and is influenced by mediating factors like hypnotizability and task conditions. Despite methodological limitations, this review highlights the potential of enhanced ANS modulation through hypnosis, including its connections to the central nervous system (CNS), to optimize therapeutic outcomes in patients with psychosomatic disorders associated with ANS dysfunction.
催眠是一种历史悠久的治疗方法,因其在治疗一系列心理和躯体疾病方面的有效性而获得广泛认可。虽然其主要作用是通过中枢自上而下的机制介导的,但催眠也通过调节自主神经系统(ANS)发挥外周影响。心理生理测量指标,如心率(HR)及其变异性(HRV)、皮肤电活动(EDA)、呼吸频率(RR)和镇痛伤害感受指数(ANI),是ANS活动的可靠指标。研究一直表明,催眠能够显著影响ANS功能,降低交感神经活动并增强副交感神经张力。这种效应在放松过程中尤为明显,并受到催眠易感性和任务条件等中介因素的影响。尽管存在方法学上的局限性,但本综述强调了通过催眠增强ANS调节的潜力,包括其与中枢神经系统(CNS)的联系,以优化患有与ANS功能障碍相关的心身疾病患者的治疗效果。