Moritz Jennifer, Schwab Antonia, Reinisch Andreas, Zebisch Armin, Sill Heinz, Wölfler Albert
Division of Hematology, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Department of Blood Group Serology and Transfusion Medicine, Medical University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria.
Biomedicines. 2024 Mar 7;12(3):599. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12030599.
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is an aggressive malignant disease with a high relapse rate due to the persistence of chemoresistant cells. To some extent, these residual cells can be traced by sensitive flow cytometry and molecular methods resulting in the establishment of measurable residual disease (MRD). The detection of MRD after therapy represents a significant prognostic factor for predicting patients' individual risk of relapse. However, due to the heterogeneity of the disease, a single sensitive method for MRD detection applicable to all AML patients is lacking. This review will highlight the advantages and limitations of the currently available detection methods-PCR, multiparameter flow cytometry, and next generation sequencing-and will discuss emerging clinical implications of MRD test results in tailoring treatment of AML patients.
急性髓系白血病（AML）是一种侵袭性恶性疾病，由于化疗耐药细胞的持续存在，复发率很高。在一定程度上，这些残留细胞可以通过灵敏的流式细胞术和分子方法进行追踪，从而建立可测量的残留病灶（MRD）。治疗后MRD的检测是预测患者个体复发风险的一个重要预后因素。然而，由于该疾病的异质性，目前缺乏一种适用于所有AML患者的灵敏的MRD检测方法。本综述将重点介绍当前可用检测方法——聚合酶链反应（PCR）、多参数流式细胞术和下一代测序——的优缺点，并将讨论MRD检测结果在定制AML患者治疗方案方面新出现的临床意义。
