Han Chad Yixian, Middleton Georgia, Doh Jersyn, Yaxley Alison, Sharma Yogesh, Baldwin Claire, Miller Michelle
Caring Futures Institute, College of Nursing and Health Science, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA 5042, Australia.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Mar 18;12(6):678. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12060678.
Self-managed exercise and nutrition interventions can alleviate pre-frailty and frailty but understanding of adherence to them is lacking. This study aimed to explore the experiences of, and barriers and enablers to, a hospital-to-home self-managed combined exercise and nutrition program for hospitalised older adults living with pre-frailty and frailty.
A hybrid approach to data- and theory-driven descriptive thematic analysis identified experiences, barriers, and enablers to participation in a 3-month, self-managed, exercise-nutrition, hospital-to-home frailty-support program. Pre-frail and frail older adult patients ≥ 65 years admitted to the acute medical unit at a South Australian tertiary hospital were recruited. Individual semi-structured interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analysed descriptively, using the Theoretical Domains Framework.
The nutrition component of the program found 11 common barriers and 18 common enablers. The exercise component included 14 barriers and 24 enablers. Intentions, Social influences, Environmental context/resource and Emotions served as primary barriers towards adherence to both components. Common enablers for both components included Knowledge, Social identity, Environmental context/resource, Social influences, and Emotions.
This research revealed important factors affecting adherence to a self-managed exercise-nutrition program in pre-frail and frail older adults within the environment, resources, and emotion domains that should be considered when designing other intervention programs in this population group.
自我管理的运动和营养干预措施可以缓解身体虚弱前期和虚弱状态，但目前尚缺乏对这些措施依从性的了解。本研究旨在探讨针对患有身体虚弱前期和虚弱状态的住院老年人的一项从医院到家庭的自我管理运动与营养联合项目的体验、障碍和促进因素。
采用数据驱动和理论驱动相结合的描述性主题分析方法，确定参与一项为期3个月的、自我管理的、运动-营养、从医院到家庭的虚弱支持项目的体验、障碍和促进因素。招募了南澳大利亚一家三级医院急性内科病房收治的65岁及以上的身体虚弱前期和虚弱的老年患者。对个体进行半结构化访谈，并进行录音、逐字转录，然后使用理论领域框架进行描述性分析。
该项目的营养部分发现了11个常见障碍和18个常见促进因素。运动部分包括14个障碍和24个促进因素。意图、社会影响、环境背景/资源和情绪是两个部分依从性的主要障碍。两个部分的常见促进因素包括知识、社会认同、环境背景/资源、社会影响和情绪。
本研究揭示了在环境、资源和情绪领域中影响身体虚弱前期和虚弱的老年人对自我管理运动-营养项目依从性的重要因素，在为该人群设计其他干预项目时应予以考虑。
