Department of Soft Tissue/Bone Sarcoma and Melanoma, Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Cancer Research Institute in Warsaw, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland.
Faculty of Medicine, Warsaw Medical University, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 9;25(6):3176. doi: 10.3390/ijms25063176.
Chondrosarcoma, the second most common primary malignant bone tumor, originates from cartilaginous tissue and accounts for almost 20% of all primary bone tumors. The management of chondrosarcoma remains challenging due to its diverse clinical course and prognosis, which can range from benign to highly aggressive with a huge risk of metastasis. Emerging research has demonstrated the importance of microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation in the pathogenesis of chondrosarcoma. MiRNAs are small, noncoding RNA molecules that play an essential role in gene expression regulation by targeting specific messenger RNAs (mRNAs) for degradation or translational repression. This article provides an extensive review of current miRNA research in chondrosarcoma, focusing on diagnostic strategies, cell cycle regulation, drug resistance, biomarkers of progression, and stem cell phenotype. We will examine recent studies identifying differentially expressed miRNAs in chondrosarcoma compared to normal cartilage tissue, exploring their potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. Furthermore, we will discuss the role of miRNAs in regulating cell cycle progression and their potential as therapeutic targets to overcome drug resistance. We will also investigate the prospective utility of miRNAs as biomarkers of progression and their role in modulating the stem cell phenotype of chondrosarcoma cells. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of current miRNA research in chondrosarcoma, focusing on its potential as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, therapeutic targets, and regulators of disease progression. By integrating the latest discoveries in this field, we aim to contribute to the development of novel approaches to the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of chondrosarcoma, ultimately enhancing patient outcomes.
软骨肉瘤是第二常见的原发性恶性骨肿瘤，起源于软骨组织，占所有原发性骨肿瘤的近 20%。由于其临床表现和预后多样化，从良性到高度侵袭性，转移风险巨大，软骨肉瘤的治疗仍然具有挑战性。新兴研究表明 microRNA（miRNA）失调在软骨肉瘤发病机制中的重要性。miRNA 是一种小的非编码 RNA 分子，通过靶向特定信使 RNA（mRNA）进行降解或翻译抑制，在基因表达调控中发挥着重要作用。本文对软骨肉瘤中的 miRNA 研究进行了广泛的综述，重点介绍了诊断策略、细胞周期调控、耐药性、进展标志物和干细胞表型。我们将检查最近的研究，这些研究比较了软骨肉瘤与正常软骨组织中差异表达的 miRNA，探讨了它们作为诊断和预后生物标志物的潜力。此外，我们将讨论 miRNA 在调节细胞周期进展中的作用及其作为克服耐药性的治疗靶点的潜力。我们还将研究 miRNA 作为进展标志物的潜在用途及其在调节软骨肉瘤细胞干细胞表型中的作用。本文对软骨肉瘤中的 miRNA 研究进行了全面分析，重点介绍了其作为诊断和预后生物标志物、治疗靶点和疾病进展调节剂的潜力。通过整合该领域的最新发现，我们旨在为预防、诊断和治疗软骨肉瘤的新方法的发展做出贡献，最终改善患者的预后。
