da Silva Bianca S de C, Souto Victoria D P, Souza Richard D, Mendes Luciano L
National Institute of Telecommunications, Santa Rita do Sapucaí 37540-000, Brazil.
Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88040-900, Brazil.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Mar 16;24(6):1918. doi: 10.3390/s24061918.
Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) is the modulation technology used in Fourth Generation (4G) and Fifth Generation (5G) wireless communication systems, and it will likely be essential to Sixth Generation (6G) wireless communication systems. However, OFDM introduces a high Peak to Average Power Ratio (PAPR) in the time domain due to constructive interference among multiple subcarriers, increasing the complexity and cost of the amplifiers and, consequently, the cost and complexity of 6G networks. Therefore, the development of new solutions to reduce the PAPR in OFDM systems is crucial to 6G networks. The application of Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as a promising avenue for tackling PAPR issues. Along this line, this paper presents a comprehensive review of PAPR optimization techniques with a focus on ML approaches. From this survey, it becomes clear that ML solutions offer customized optimization, effective search space navigation, and real-time adaptability. In light of the demands of evolving 6G networks, integration of ML is a necessity to propel advancements and meet increasing prerequisites. This integration not only presents possibilities for PAPR reduction but also calls for continued exploration to harness its potential and ensure efficient and reliable communication within 6G networks.
正交频分复用(OFDM)是第四代(4G)和第五代(5G)无线通信系统中使用的调制技术,并且很可能对第六代(6G)无线通信系统至关重要。然而,由于多个子载波之间的相长干扰,OFDM在时域中引入了较高的峰均功率比(PAPR),增加了放大器的复杂性和成本,进而增加了6G网络的成本和复杂性。因此,开发新的解决方案以降低OFDM系统中的PAPR对6G网络至关重要。机器学习(ML)的应用已成为解决PAPR问题的一条有前途的途径。沿着这条线,本文对PAPR优化技术进行了全面综述,重点是ML方法。从这项调查中可以清楚地看出,ML解决方案提供定制优化、有效的搜索空间导航和实时适应性。鉴于不断发展的6G网络的需求,ML的集成是推动进步和满足不断增加的先决条件的必要条件。这种集成不仅为降低PAPR提供了可能性,还需要持续探索以利用其潜力并确保6G网络内高效可靠的通信。