Clinical Immunology, Autoimmunity and Inflammation Laboratory (LICIA), Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hassan II University, Casablanca, Morocco.
Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center, Casablanca. Morocco.
Tunis Med. 2024 Mar 5;102(3):129-133. doi: 10.62438/tunismed.v102i3.4474.
Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common neurologic disorder seen in children. Caused mainly by fever without any damage to the central nervous system (CNS). The associations of several factors, which we can find in the inflammatory response and genetic predisposition, are involved in the occurrence of FS.
This review provides insight into risk factors, particularly the involvement of the inflammatory response and genetic susceptibility in the occurrence of FS.
A PubMed search was performed using the keywords « febrile seizures », « inflammatory response », « Pro-inflammatory cytokines », «And anti-inflammatory cytokines ». The search strategy included meta-analyses, prospective case-control studies, clinical trials, observational studies, and reviews.
Febrile seizures with a peak incidence of 18 months usually occur between 6 months and 5 years. A variety of genetic, inflammatory, and environmental factors, including viruses and vaccines, trigger FS. A positive family history of febrile seizures increases the risk for FS occurrence with (20%) in siblings and (33%) in one parent. The involvement of inflammatory response genes, including the cytokine genes IL1B, IL1R, IL6, and IL4. According to these findings, FS is associated with the activation of a cascade of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and the unbalance between these cytokines in the inflammation regulation plays a role in the development of FS.
Current knowledge suggests that genetic susceptibility and inflammatory response dysregulation contribute to FS's genesis.
热性惊厥（FS）是儿童中最常见的神经系统疾病。主要由发热引起，中枢神经系统（CNS）无损伤。与 FS 发生相关的几个因素，包括炎症反应和遗传易感性，都参与了 FS 的发生。
本综述深入探讨了 FS 的危险因素，特别是炎症反应和遗传易感性在 FS 发生中的作用。
通过关键词“热性惊厥”、“炎症反应”、“促炎细胞因子”和“抗炎细胞因子”在 PubMed 上进行搜索。搜索策略包括荟萃分析、前瞻性病例对照研究、临床试验、观察性研究和综述。
FS 的发病高峰通常在 18 个月左右，发病年龄在 6 个月至 5 岁之间。多种遗传、炎症和环境因素，包括病毒和疫苗，都可能触发 FS。热性惊厥的阳性家族史会增加 FS 发生的风险，兄弟姐妹中发病率为 20%，父母一方发病率为 33%。炎症反应基因的参与，包括细胞因子基因 IL1B、IL1R、IL6 和 IL4。根据这些发现，FS 与促炎和抗炎细胞因子级联反应的激活以及炎症调节中这些细胞因子的失衡有关，这些在 FS 的发展中起作用。
目前的知识表明，遗传易感性和炎症反应失调与 FS 的发生有关。
