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INTRODUCTION

In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in the prevalence of bacteria increasingly resistant to multiple families of antibiotics, which constitutes a major problem for public health.

AIM

To determine the prevalence and different risk factors for the acquisition of multi-resistant bacteria.

METHODS

This is an analytical and prospective study including patients hospitalized in the Batna University Hospital during the period from January 2023 to March 2023 presenting a documented infection with isolation of sensitive or multi-resistant strains. An operating sheet based on the different risk factors for acquiring multi-resistant bacteria has been established.

RESULTS

We collected 250 patients. There are 160 men and 90 women with an average age of 44 years. Of all the strains that were identified, 100 isolates were multi-resistant bacteria. ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae are the most frequently isolated multi-resistant bacteria. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified four risk factors that are significantly related to the risk of acquiring multi-resistant bacteria infection: prior antibiotic therapy [P = 0,029], use of invasive medical care [P = 0,024], the nosocomial origin of the infection [P = 0,036] and the use of public toilets [P = 0,015].

CONCLUSION

Our results clearly demonstrate that the inappropriate use of antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, and hand-held cross-transmission play a major role in the spread of multi-resistant bacteria in our hospital.