Medical Scientist Training Program.
Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology.
Pediatrics. 2024 Jun 1;153(6). doi: 10.1542/peds.2024-066190.
The messenger RNA (mRNA)-based coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines approved for use in children <5 years of age have different antigen doses and administration schedules that could affect vaccine immunogenicity and effectiveness. We sought to compare the strength and breadth of serum binding and neutralizing antibodies to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) elicited by monovalent mRNA-based coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines in young children.
We conducted a prospective cohort study of children 6 months to 4 years of age who completed primary series vaccination with monovalent mRNA-1273 or BNT162b2 vaccines. Serum was collected 1 month after primary vaccine series completion for the measurement of SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immune responses, including antibody binding responses to Spike proteins from an ancestral strain (D614G) and major variants of SARS-CoV-2 and antibody neutralizing activity against D614G and Omicron subvariants (BA.1, BA.4/5).
Of 75 participants, 40 (53%) received mRNA-1273 and 35 (47%) received BNT162b2. Children receiving either primary vaccine series developed robust and broad SARS-CoV-2-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies, including to Omicron subvariants. Children with a previous history of SARS-CoV-2 infection developed significantly higher antibody binding responses and neutralization titers to Omicron subvariants, which is consistent with the occurrence of identified infections during the circulation of Omicron subvariants in the region.
Monovalent mRNA-1273 and BNT162b2 elicited similar antibody responses 1 month after vaccination in young children. In addition, previous infection significantly enhanced the strength of antibody responses to Omicron subvariants. The authors of future studies should evaluate incorporation of these vaccines into the standard childhood immunization schedule.
已批准用于 <5 岁儿童的基于信使 RNA（mRNA）的 2019 冠状病毒病疫苗具有不同的抗原剂量和管理方案，这可能会影响疫苗的免疫原性和有效性。我们旨在比较单价 mRNA 基于 2019 冠状病毒病疫苗在幼儿中引起的针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）的血清结合和中和抗体的强度和广度。
我们对完成单价 mRNA-1273 或 BNT162b2 疫苗基础系列接种的 6 个月至 4 岁儿童进行了一项前瞻性队列研究。在完成基础疫苗系列接种后 1 个月采集血清，用于测量 SARS-CoV-2 特异性体液免疫反应，包括针对 Spike 蛋白的抗体结合反应（来自祖先株（D614G）和 SARS-CoV-2 的主要变体）和针对 D614G 和奥密克戎亚变体（BA.1、BA.4/5）的抗体中和活性。
在 75 名参与者中，40 名（53%）接受了 mRNA-1273，35 名（47%）接受了 BNT162b2。接受任一基础疫苗系列接种的儿童均产生了强大且广泛的 SARS-CoV-2 特异性结合和中和抗体，包括对奥密克戎亚变体。有 SARS-CoV-2 既往感染史的儿童对奥密克戎亚变体产生了显著更高的抗体结合反应和中和滴度，这与奥密克戎亚变体在该地区流行期间发生的已识别感染一致。
单价 mRNA-1273 和 BNT162b2 在幼儿中接种后 1 个月引起了相似的抗体反应。此外，既往感染显著增强了对奥密克戎亚变体的抗体反应强度。未来研究的作者应评估将这些疫苗纳入标准儿童免疫接种计划。
