Human Performance Research and Development, Directorate of Fitness, Canadian Forces Morale and Welfare Services, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Royal Canadian Mounted Police, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Work. 2024;77(4):1341-1357. doi: 10.3233/WOR-230307.
While effective apprehensions of non-compliant suspects are central to public safety, the minimal force needed to transition a suspect from standing to the ground, vital for apprehension success, has not been established.
To examine the technical-tactical behaviors of general duty police officers during simulated apprehensions and quantify the minimum force required to destabilize non-compliant suspects.
Task simulations conducted with 91 officers were analyzed to identify common grappling movements, strikes, control tactics, and changes in body posture. A separate assessment of 55 male officers aimed to determine the minimum force required for destabilization in five body regions (wrist, forearm, shoulder, mid-chest, and mid-back). Data are presented as mean±standard deviation.
On average, apprehensions took 7.3±3.2 seconds. While all officers used grappling movements (100%) and the majority employed control tactics (75%), strikes were seldom used (4%). Apprehensions typically began with a two-handed pull (97%; Contact Phase), 55% then attempted an arm bar takedown, followed by a two-handed cross-body pull (68%; Transition/Control Phase), and a two-handed push to the ground (19%; Ground Phase). All officers began in the upright posture, with most shifting to squat (75%), kneel (58%), or bent (45%) postures to complete the apprehension. The minimum force required to disrupt balance differed across body regions (wrist: 54±12 kg; forearm: 49±12 kg; shoulder: 42±10 kg; mid-chest: 44±11 kg; mid-back: 30±7 kg, all P < 0.05), except between the shoulder and chest (P = 0.19).
These findings provide insights that can enhance the design and accuracy of future apprehension evaluations and inform the optimization of law enforcement physical employment standards.
虽然有效逮捕不遵守规定的嫌疑人对公共安全至关重要，但为了成功逮捕，将嫌疑人从站立状态过渡到地面所需的最小力量尚未确定。
检查普通警察在模拟逮捕中的技术战术行为，并量化使不遵守规定的嫌疑人失去平衡所需的最小力量。
对 91 名警察进行任务模拟分析，以确定常见的擒拿动作、击打、控制策略和身体姿势变化。对 55 名男性警察的单独评估旨在确定在五个身体部位（手腕、前臂、肩膀、中胸部和中背部）失稳所需的最小力量。数据以平均值±标准差表示。
平均而言，逮捕需要 7.3±3.2 秒。虽然所有警察都使用擒拿动作（100%）并且大多数使用控制策略（75%），但很少使用击打（4%）。逮捕通常从双手拉（97%；接触阶段）开始，55%的人随后尝试手臂擒拿，接着是双手交叉体拉（68%；过渡/控制阶段），然后双手推到地面（19%；地面阶段）。所有警察都从直立姿势开始，大多数转换为深蹲（75%）、跪地（58%）或弯腰（45%）姿势完成逮捕。扰乱平衡所需的最小力量因身体部位而异（手腕：54±12kg；前臂：49±12kg；肩膀：42±10kg；中胸部：44±11kg；中背部：30±7kg，均 P<0.05），除了肩膀和胸部之间（P=0.19）。
这些发现提供了可以增强未来逮捕评估设计和准确性的见解，并为优化执法人员身体使用标准提供了信息。
