International Research Center for Marine Biosciences at Shanghai Ocean University, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China; Key Laboratory of Exploration and Utilization of Aquatic Genetic Resources, Ministry of Education, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China.
Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem Dynamics, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou 310012, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 May 15;470:134107. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134107. Epub 2024 Mar 21.
Rayon microfibers, micro-sized semi-synthetic polymers derived from cellulose, have been frequently detected and reported as "micropollutants" in marine environments. However, there has been limited research on their ecotoxicity and combined effects with persistent organic pollutants (POPs). To address these knowledge gaps, thick-shell mussels (Mytilus coruscus) were exposed to rayon microfibers at 1000 pieces/L, along with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) at 100 and 1000 ng/L for 14 days, followed by a 7-day recovery period. We found that rayon microfibers at the environmentally relevant concentration exacerbated the irreversible effects of PCBs on the immune and digestive systems of mussels, indicating chronic and sublethal impacts. Furthermore, the results of 16 s rRNA sequencing demonstrated significant effects on the community structure, species richness, and diversity of the mussels' intestinal microbiota. The branching map analysis identified the responsive bacteria to rayon microfibers and PCBs belonging to the Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, and Bacteroidota phyla. Despite not being considered a conventional plastic, the extensive and increasing use of rayon fibers, their direct toxicological effects, and their interaction with POPs highlight the need for urgent attention, investigation, and regulation to address their contribution to "micropollution".
再生纤维微纤维是一种来源于纤维素的微小半合成聚合物，经常被检测到并被报道为海洋环境中的“微污染物”。然而，关于其生态毒性以及与持久性有机污染物（POPs）的联合效应的研究还很有限。为了弥补这些知识空白，研究人员将厚壳贻贝（Mytilus coruscus）暴露在 1000 片/升的再生纤维微纤维中，同时暴露在浓度为 100 和 1000ng/L 的多氯联苯（PCBs）中 14 天，然后进行为期 7 天的恢复期。结果发现，在环境相关浓度下，再生纤维微纤维加剧了 PCBs 对贻贝免疫系统和消化系统的不可逆影响，表明其具有慢性和亚致死性影响。此外，16S rRNA 测序结果表明，再生纤维微纤维和 PCBs 对贻贝肠道微生物群落结构、物种丰富度和多样性产生了显著影响。分支图分析确定了对再生纤维微纤维和 PCBs 有响应的细菌属于变形菌门、放线菌门和拟杆菌门。尽管再生纤维不被认为是一种传统塑料，但由于其广泛且不断增加的使用，以及其直接的毒理学效应及其与 POPs 的相互作用，需要引起紧急关注、调查和监管，以解决其对“微污染”的贡献。
