Qin Qingqing, Zhang Lei, Yin Hua, Yu Junhong, Hu Shumin, Zhang Zhijun, Liu Jia
State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Tsingtao Brewery Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China.
State Key Laboratory of Biological Fermentation Engineering of Beer, Tsingtao Brewery Co., Ltd, Qingdao 266061, Shandong, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2024 May;105:106860. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2024.106860. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Harder kernels of barley are regarded as one of the factors that restrict water and enzyme movement within the endosperm during malting. A comprehensive study of two domestic varieties was performed for evaluating malting quality. Both β-glucan and total protein content of the Chinese domestic barley (Ganpi-6 and Kenpi-14) were significantly higher than Copeland. Grain hardness of the Chinese domestic barley was higher and water uptake ratio was lower compared with the Copeland. During germination, the expression levels of NCED1, NCED2 (major key regulatory enzymes for abscisic acid biosynthesis genes) were higher, whereas gibberelic acid (GA) synthesis genes (GA20ox1, GA2ox3, GA3ox2) were lower in the Ganpi-6, Kenpi-14 compared with Copeland. These two domestic barley varieties also showed significantly lower limit dextrinase and β-glucanase activity compared with Copeland. Ultrasound treatment improved the malting quality of Ganpi-6 by enhancing water uptake and GA synthesis gene expression increased. Therefore, these findings provided insights into the future direction on the utilization of ultrasonication for the applications towards the improvement of the harder barley variety.
大麦较硬的谷粒被认为是限制麦芽制备过程中胚乳内水分和酶移动的因素之一。对两个国内品种进行了一项综合研究以评估麦芽制备品质。中国国内大麦（甘啤6号和垦啤14号）的β-葡聚糖和总蛋白含量均显著高于Copeland。与Copeland相比，中国国内大麦的谷粒硬度更高，吸水率更低。在发芽过程中，与Copeland相比，甘啤6号、垦啤14号中脱落酸生物合成基因的主要关键调控酶NCED1、NCED2的表达水平更高，而赤霉素（GA）合成基因（GA20ox1、GA2ox3、GA3ox2）的表达水平更低。与Copeland相比，这两个国内大麦品种的极限糊精酶和β-葡聚糖酶活性也显著更低。超声处理通过增强吸水率和提高GA合成基因表达来改善甘啤6号的麦芽制备品质。因此，这些研究结果为未来利用超声处理改善较硬大麦品种的应用方向提供了见解。
