School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, People's Republic of China.
School of Environment and Safety Engineering, School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Green Technology and Contingency Management for Emerging Pollutants, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 May 20;926:172089. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.172089. Epub 2024 Mar 29.
Both alien plant invasions and soil microplastic pollution have become a concerning threat for terrestrial ecosystems, with consequences on the human well-being. However, our current knowledge of microplastic effects on the successful invasion of plants remains limited, despite numerous studies demonstrating the direct and indirect impacts of microplastics on plant performance. To address this knowledge gap, we conducted a greenhouse experiment involving the mixtures of soil and low-density polyethylene (LDPE) microplastic pellets and fragments at the concentrations of 0, 0.5 % and 2.0 %. Additionally, we included Solidago decurrens (native plant) and S. canadensis (alien invasive plant) as the target plants. Each pot contained an individual of either species, after six-month cultivation, plant biomass and antioxidant enzymes, as well as soil properties including soil moisture, pH, available nutrient, and microbial biomass were measured. Our results indicated that microplastic effects on soil properties and plant growth indices depended on the Solidago species, microplastic shapes and concentrations. For example, microplastics exerted positive effects on soil moisture of the soil with native species but negative effects with invasive species, which were impacted by microplastic shapes and concentrations, respectively. Microplastics significantly impacted catalase (P < 0.05) and superoxide dismutase (P < 0.01), aboveground biomass (P < 0.01), and belowground/aboveground biomass (P < 0.01) of the native species depending on microplastic shapes, but no significant effects on those of the invasive species. Furthermore, microplastics effects on soil properties, nutrient, nutrient ratio, and plant antioxidant enzyme activities contributed to plant biomass differently among these two species. These results suggested that the microplastics exerted a more pronounced impact on native Solidago plants than the invasive ones. This implies that the alien invasive species displays greater resistance to microplastic pollution, potentially promoting their invasion. Overall, our study contributes to a better understanding of the promoting effects of microplastic pollution on plant invasion.
外来植物入侵和土壤微塑料污染已成为陆地生态系统面临的严重威胁，对人类福祉产生影响。然而，尽管有许多研究表明微塑料对植物性能有直接和间接的影响，但我们对微塑料对植物成功入侵的影响的了解仍然有限。为了弥补这一知识空白，我们进行了一项温室实验，将土壤和低密度聚乙烯（LDPE）微塑料颗粒和碎片的混合物以 0、0.5%和 2.0%的浓度与本地植物紫菀（Solidago decurrens）和外来入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花（S. canadensis）混合。每个花盆中都单独种植了一种植物，经过六个月的培养后，测量了植物生物量和抗氧化酶，以及土壤性质，包括土壤水分、pH 值、有效养分和微生物生物量。我们的结果表明，微塑料对土壤性质和植物生长指标的影响取决于紫菀物种、微塑料形状和浓度。例如，微塑料对本地物种土壤水分有积极影响，但对入侵物种有负面影响，这分别受到微塑料形状和浓度的影响。微塑料对土壤水分、过氧化氢酶（P<0.05）和超氧化物歧化酶（P<0.01）、地上生物量（P<0.01）和地下/地上生物量（P<0.01）有显著影响取决于微塑料的形状，但对入侵物种没有显著影响。此外，微塑料对土壤性质、养分、养分比和植物抗氧化酶活性的影响对这两个物种的生物量有不同的贡献。这些结果表明，微塑料对本地紫菀植物的影响比入侵植物更明显。这意味着外来入侵物种对微塑料污染具有更大的抵抗力，可能促进其入侵。总的来说，我们的研究有助于更好地理解微塑料污染对植物入侵的促进作用。
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