Anas Muhammad, Khan Irfan Ullah, Zhang Rui-Ke, Qi Shan-Shan, Dai Zhi-Cong, Du Dao-Lin
School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Institute of Environment and Ecology, School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jun 27;14(13):1972. doi: 10.3390/plants14131972.
Microplastics and invasive species, driven by anthropogenic activities, significantly disrupt ecosystems and microbial communities. This study investigated the interactive effects of biodegradable microplastics (polylactic acid, or PLA, and polyhydroxyalkanoates, or PHAs) and the fungal pathogen on the invasive plant . One plant of /pot was cultivated in forest soil amended with 1% (/) microplastics and/or PLA exhibited greater toxicity than PHAs, reducing the plant height, root length, and biomass by 68%, 44%, and 70%, respectively. Microplastics impaired the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II more severely than . However, demonstrated adaptive antioxidative and extracellular enzymatic mechanisms under combined stresses. A heatmap analysis revealed a positive correlation between PHAs and plant growth traits, while a redundancy analysis explained the 15.96% and 4.19% variability for the first two components (r = 0.95). A structural equation model indicated the negative effects of morphology and physiology on biomass (β = -1.694 and β = -0.932; < 0.001), countered by positive antioxidant contributions (β = 1.296; < 0.001). These findings highlight complex interactions among microplastics, pathogens, and invasive species, offering insights into ecological management strategies under dual environmental pressures. Future studies should assess the long-term field effects and microbial mediation of these interactions.
由人为活动驱动的微塑料和入侵物种，严重破坏了生态系统和微生物群落。本研究调查了可生物降解微塑料（聚乳酸，即PLA，和聚羟基脂肪酸酯，即PHA）与真菌病原体对入侵植物的交互作用。每盆种植一株植物，在添加了1%（重量/重量）微塑料的森林土壤中培养，和/或PLA比PHA表现出更大的毒性，分别使株高、根长和生物量降低了68%、44%和70%。微塑料比[此处原文缺失比较对象]更严重地损害了光系统II的最大量子产率。然而，[此处原文缺失比较对象]在复合胁迫下表现出适应性抗氧化和细胞外酶机制。热图分析显示PHA与植物生长性状之间呈正相关，而冗余分析解释了前两个成分的15.96%和4.19%的变异性（r = 0.95）。结构方程模型表明形态和生理对生物量有负面影响（β = -1.694和β = -0.932；P < 0.001），而抗氧化的积极贡献可抵消这种影响（β = 1.296；P < 0.001）。这些发现突出了微塑料、病原体和入侵物种之间的复杂相互作用，为双重环境压力下的生态管理策略提供了见解。未来的研究应评估这些相互作用的长期田间效应和微生物介导作用。
