Boncz Ádám, Szalárdy Orsolya, Velősy Péter Kristóf, Béres Luca, Baumgartner Robert, Winkler István, Tóth Brigitta
Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.
Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.
iScience. 2024 Feb 20;27(4):109295. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109295. eCollection 2024 Apr 19.
The study investigates age-related decline in listening abilities, particularly in noisy environments, where the challenge lies in extracting meaningful information from variable sensory input (figure-ground segregation). The research focuses on peripheral and central factors contributing to this decline using a tone-cloud-based figure detection task. Results based on behavioral measures and event-related brain potentials (ERPs) indicate that, despite delayed perceptual processes and some deterioration in attention and executive functions with aging, the ability to detect sound sources in noise remains relatively intact. However, even mild hearing impairment significantly hampers the segregation of individual sound sources within a complex auditory scene. The severity of the hearing deficit correlates with an increased susceptibility to masking noise. The study underscores the impact of hearing impairment on auditory scene analysis and highlights the need for personalized interventions based on individual abilities.
该研究调查了听力能力与年龄相关的下降情况，特别是在嘈杂环境中，其中的挑战在于从可变的感官输入中提取有意义的信息（图形-背景分离）。该研究使用基于音云的图形检测任务，聚焦于导致这种下降的外周和中枢因素。基于行为测量和事件相关脑电位（ERP）的结果表明，尽管随着年龄增长，感知过程会延迟，注意力和执行功能也会有所衰退，但在噪声中检测声源的能力相对保持完好。然而，即使是轻度听力障碍也会显著妨碍在复杂听觉场景中分离单个声源。听力损失的严重程度与对掩蔽噪声的易感性增加相关。该研究强调了听力障碍对听觉场景分析的影响，并突出了基于个体能力进行个性化干预的必要性。
