de Assis Mayara Ferreira, Berti Larissa Cristina
Department of Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences, São Paulo State University, Marília, São Paulo, Brazil.
Clin Linguist Phon. 2025 Jan;39(1):21-37. doi: 10.1080/02699206.2024.2328792. Epub 2024 Apr 1.
The literature reports contradictory results regarding the influence of visual cues on speech perception tasks in children with phonological disorder (PD). This study aimed to compare the performance of children with ( = 15) and without PD ( = 15) in audiovisual perception task in voiceless fricatives. Assuming that PD could be associated with an inability to integrate phonological information from two sensory sources, we presumed that children with PD would present difficulties in integrating auditory and visual cues compared to typical children. A syllable identification task was conducted. The stimuli were presented according to four conditions: auditory-only (AO); visual-only (VO); audiovisual congruent (AV+); and audiovisual incongruent (AV-). The percentages of correct answers and the respective reaction times in the AO, VO, and AV+ conditions were considered for the analysis. The correct percentage of auditory stimuli was considered for the AV- condition, as well as the percentage of perceptual preference: auditory, visual, and/or illusion (McGurk effect), with the respective reaction time. In comparing the four conditions, children with PD presented a lower number of correct answers and longer reaction time than children with typical development, mainly for the VO. Both groups showed a preference for auditory stimuli for the AV- condition. However, children with PD showed higher percentages for visual perceptual preference and the McGurk effect than typical children. The superiority of typical children over PD children in auditory-visual speech perception depends on type of stimuli and condition of presentation.
关于视觉线索对语音障碍（PD）儿童言语感知任务的影响，文献报道的结果相互矛盾。本研究旨在比较患有（n = 15）和未患有PD（n = 15）的儿童在清擦音视听感知任务中的表现。假设PD可能与无法整合来自两种感觉源的语音信息有关，我们推测与正常儿童相比，患有PD的儿童在整合听觉和视觉线索方面会遇到困难。进行了一项音节识别任务。刺激根据四种条件呈现：仅听觉（AO）；仅视觉（VO）；视听一致（AV +）；和视听不一致（AV-）。分析考虑了AO、VO和AV +条件下的正确答案百分比和相应的反应时间。对于AV-条件，考虑听觉刺激的正确百分比，以及感知偏好的百分比：听觉、视觉和/或错觉（麦格克效应），以及相应的反应时间。在比较这四种条件时，患有PD的儿童比发育正常的儿童正确答案数量更少，反应时间更长，主要是在VO条件下。两组在AV-条件下都表现出对听觉刺激的偏好。然而，患有PD的儿童在视觉感知偏好和麦格克效应方面的百分比高于正常儿童。在视听言语感知方面，正常儿童优于患有PD的儿童，这取决于刺激类型和呈现条件。
