Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, People's Republic of China.
Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, Dessie, Ethiopia.
J Microencapsul. 2024 May;41(3):226-254. doi: 10.1080/02652048.2024.2326091. Epub 2024 Apr 1.
Cancer is a complex heterogeneous disease that poses a significant public health challenge. In recent years, lipid-based nanoparticles (LBNPs) have expanded drug delivery and vaccine development options owing to their adaptable, non-toxic, tuneable physicochemical properties, versatile surface functionalisation, and biocompatibility. LBNPs are tiny artificial structures composed of lipid-like materials that can be engineered to encapsulate and deliver therapeutic agents with pinpoint accuracy. They have been widely explored in oncology; however, our understanding of their pharmacological mechanisms, effects of their composition, charge, and size on cellular uptake, tumour penetration, and how they can be utilised to develop cancer vaccines is still limited. Hence, we reviewed LBNPs' unique characteristics, biochemical features, and tumour-targeting mechanisms. Furthermore, we examined their ability to enhance cancer therapies and their potential contribution in developing anticancer vaccines. We critically analysed their advantages and challenges impeding swift advancements in oncology and highlighted promising avenues for future research.
癌症是一种复杂的异质疾病，对公共健康构成重大挑战。近年来，基于脂质的纳米颗粒 (LBNP) 由于其适应性、无毒、可调节的物理化学特性、多功能的表面功能化和生物相容性，扩展了药物输送和疫苗开发的选择。LBNP 是由类脂材料组成的微小人工结构，可以被设计成精确地封装和输送治疗剂。它们在肿瘤学中得到了广泛的探索；然而，我们对它们的药理机制、组成、电荷和大小对细胞摄取、肿瘤穿透的影响以及如何利用它们开发癌症疫苗的理解仍然有限。因此，我们综述了 LBNP 的独特特征、生化特性和肿瘤靶向机制。此外，我们研究了它们增强癌症治疗的能力及其在开发抗癌疫苗方面的潜在贡献。我们批判性地分析了阻碍肿瘤学快速发展的优势和挑战，并强调了未来研究的有前途的途径。
