World Health Organization Regional Office for the Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines.
National Tuberculosis Programme, Ministry of Health and Medical Services, Honiara, Solomon Islands.
Western Pac Surveill Response J. 2024 Mar 6;15(1):1-10. doi: 10.5365/wpsar.2024.15.1.1106. eCollection 2024 Jan-Mar.
To identify progress and challenges in the national response to tuberculosis (TB) in Solomon Islands through an epidemiological overview of TB in the country.
A descriptive analysis was conducted using the national TB surveillance data for 2016-2022. Case notifications, testing data, treatment outcomes and screening activities were analysed.
The number of case notifications was 343 in 2022, with an average annual reduction of the case notification rate between 2016 and 2022 of 4.7%. The highest case notification rate was reported by Honiara City Council (126/100 000 population) in 2022. The number of people with presumptive TB tested by Xpert rapidly increased from zero in 2016 to 870 in 2022. Treatment success rate remained consistently high between 2016 and 2022, ranging from 92% to 96%. Screening for HIV and diabetes mellitus (DM) among TB patients in 2022 was 14% and 38%, respectively. Most patients (97%) were hospitalized during the intensive phase of treatment in 2022; in contrast, during the continuation phase, the proportion of patients treated at the community level increased from 1% in 2016 to 63% in 2022. Despite an increase in household contact investigations, from 381 in 2016 to 707 in 2021, the uptake of TB preventive treatment (TPT) was minimal (7% among eligible child contacts).
This epidemiological analysis in Solomon Islands reveals both notable achievements and challenges in the country's TB programme. One major achievement is a potential actual reduction in TB incidence. Challenges identified were potential underdetection of cases in rural areas, suboptimal community-based care, and insufficient contact tracing and uptake of TPT. It is crucial to address these challenges (e.g. by optimizing resources) to advance the national TB response.
通过对该国结核病（TB）的流行病学概述，了解所罗门群岛国家对结核病的应对工作的进展和挑战。
使用 2016-2022 年国家结核病监测数据进行描述性分析。对病例报告、检测数据、治疗结果和筛查活动进行分析。
2022 年报告了 343 例病例，2016 年至 2022 年期间病例报告率的平均年降幅为 4.7%。2022 年，霍尼亚拉市议会报告的病例报告率最高（126/100 000 人口）。Xpert 检测的疑似结核病人数迅速增加，2016 年为零，2022 年增加到 870 人。2016 年至 2022 年期间，治疗成功率始终保持较高水平，在 92%至 96%之间。2022 年对结核病患者进行 HIV 和糖尿病（DM）筛查的比例分别为 14%和 38%。2022 年，大多数患者（97%）在治疗强化期住院；相比之下，在继续期，在社区治疗的患者比例从 2016 年的 1%增加到 2022 年的 63%。尽管家庭接触者调查从 2016 年的 381 例增加到 2021 年的 707 例，但结核病预防性治疗（TPT）的接种率很低（合格儿童接触者中为 7%）。
所罗门群岛的这种流行病学分析揭示了该国结核病规划中的显著成就和挑战。一个主要成就是结核病发病率的潜在实际降低。确定的挑战包括农村地区潜在的病例漏检、基于社区的护理欠佳以及接触者追踪和 TPT 接种不足。解决这些挑战（例如优化资源）对于推进国家结核病应对工作至关重要。
