State Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Stomatology, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, PR China.
J Periodontol. 2024 Oct;95(10):1002-1010. doi: 10.1002/JPER.23-0560. Epub 2024 Apr 2.
The bidirectional link of periodontitis (PD) and gastrointestinal tract (GIT) disorders has been investigated in previous epidemiological studies; however, the conclusions still remain controversial. The aim of this study was to comprehensively explore the bidirectional causal effect between PD and various GIT diseases.
Based on summary-level data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs), a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study was undertaken. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with PD or GIT disorders (chronic gastritis [CG], gastric ulcer [GU], duodenal ulcer [DU], gastroesophageal reflux disease [GERD], irritable bowel syndrome [IBS], and diverticular disease of the intestine [DI]) in GWASs were applied as exposure. The primary method employed was the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, and several sensitivity analyses were performed to investigate potential pleiotropy.
With regard to the investigation of the causality between PD and GIT disorders, the IVW method revealed that there is a causal impact of PD on GU (odds ratio [OR] 1.088; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.036-1.141; adjusted p = 0.004) and DI (OR 0.938; 95% CI, 0.911-0.965; adjusted p = 0.000). However, no significant genetic liability was observed for the causal effect of PD on CG, DU, GERD, and IBS. Furthermore, the primary analysis did not demonstrate a causal effect of GIT disorders on PD.
This MR study suggests that PD may be associated with an increased risk of GU and a reduced risk of DI, with possibly limited clinical relevance. Further studies are needed to support the conclusions of this MR study.
牙周炎（PD）和胃肠道（GIT）疾病之间的双向关联已在先前的流行病学研究中进行了研究；然而，结论仍然存在争议。本研究的目的是全面探讨 PD 与各种 GIT 疾病之间的双向因果关系。
基于全基因组关联研究（GWAS）的汇总数据，进行了两样本双向孟德尔随机化（MR）研究。GWAS 中与 PD 或 GIT 疾病（慢性胃炎[CG]、胃溃疡[GU]、十二指肠溃疡[DU]、胃食管反流病[GERD]、肠易激综合征[IBS]和肠憩室病[DI]）相关的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）被用作暴露。主要方法是逆方差加权（IVW）法，并进行了几种敏感性分析以检查潜在的混杂。
关于 PD 与 GIT 疾病之间因果关系的研究，IVW 方法表明 PD 对 GU（比值比[OR] 1.088；95%置信区间[CI]，1.036-1.141；调整后的 p=0.004）和 DI（OR 0.938；95% CI，0.911-0.965；调整后的 p=0.000）有因果影响。然而，对于 PD 对 CG、DU、GERD 和 IBS 的因果效应，没有观察到明显的遗传易感性。此外，主要分析并未表明 GIT 疾病对 PD 有因果作用。
这项 MR 研究表明，PD 可能与 GU 风险增加和 DI 风险降低相关，但可能具有有限的临床意义。需要进一步的研究来支持这项 MR 研究的结论。
