Chemistry Department and CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Chemistry Department and LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Apr;31(20):28856-28869. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33063-w. Epub 2024 Apr 2.
This study investigates the impact of three key variables on the performance of nanoporous AM-3 and layered AM-4 titanosilicates in removing nine REEs (Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Eu, Gd, Tb, and Dy) from natural mineral water and identifies optimal operational conditions using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The experimental conditions were determined by a Box-Behnken Design of 3 factors-3 levels (pH 4, 6, and 8; sorbent dose 20, 100, and 180 mg/L; and element concentration 1, 3, and 5 μmol/L). Three-dimensional response surfaces were used to assess the linear, quadratic, and interaction influences of each factor on the REEs' removal percentage. The pH was the most significant factor in the removal process using AM-3, while the sorbent dose was more important for AM-4. The results highlighted the sorbents' strong capacity for REE removal. The optimal operating conditions obtained by RSM were applied to aqueous solutions with salinity 10 (common in coastal and transitional systems) and 30 (average seawater salinity). The results showed that AM-3 has a strong potential for removing REEs in solutions with salinity 10 and 30, while AM-4 was less efficient due to competition between REEs and other ions present in the solution.
本研究考察了三个关键变量对纳米多孔 AM-3 和层状 AM-4 钛硅酸盐从天然矿泉水中去除 9 种稀土元素（Y、La、Ce、Pr、Nd、Eu、Gd、Tb 和 Dy）的性能的影响，并使用响应面法（RSM）确定了最佳操作条件。实验条件由 3 因素 3 水平（pH 值为 4、6 和 8；吸附剂剂量为 20、100 和 180 mg/L；元素浓度为 1、3 和 5 μmol/L）的 Box-Behnken 设计确定。使用三维响应面评估了每个因素对 REE 去除率的线性、二次和交互影响。在 AM-3 的去除过程中，pH 值是最重要的因素，而对于 AM-4，吸附剂剂量更为重要。结果突出了吸附剂对 REE 去除的强大能力。通过 RSM 获得的最佳操作条件应用于盐度为 10（沿海和过渡系统中常见）和 30（平均海水盐度）的水溶液中。结果表明，AM-3 在盐度为 10 和 30 的溶液中具有很强的去除 REE 的潜力，而 AM-4 的效率较低，因为 REE 与溶液中存在的其他离子之间存在竞争。
