Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, Univ. Grenoble Alpes, LIP/PC2S, 38000, Grenoble, France.
Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LPNC, 38000, Grenoble, France.
Exp Brain Res. 2024 Jun;242(6):1373-1385. doi: 10.1007/s00221-024-06827-6. Epub 2024 Apr 2.
Alterations of the sensory-motor body schema question the origins of such distortions. For example, in anorexia nervosa where patients think they are broader than they really are (body image) but act as if it was really the case (body schema). To date, the results of studies about what hinders the updating of the body schema so much (weight, body image) have been contradictory.
We therefore conducted two studies that aimed to assess the impact of weight and body image problems on body schema in 92 young women without anorexia nervosa. For this purpose, we used a new body schema assessment tool (SKIN) that is sensitive enough to detect fine alterations of body schema in seven different body parts.
In Study 1, the thinness or overweight of the young women had a major impact on their tactile perception, especially because the assessed body part was a sensitive area for body dissatisfaction in young women (e.g., belly, thigh). In Study 2, the level of body dissatisfaction of the participants in its attitudinal and perceptual dimension also had a negative impact on their body schema, again in interaction with weight and body part.
These results imply that body dissatisfaction and thinness are predictors of massive body schema distortions. An oversized body schema could maintain various weight-control behaviors, thus risking the development, maintenance, or relapse of an eating disorder.
感觉运动身体图式的改变质疑了这些扭曲的起源。例如，在神经性厌食症中，患者认为自己比实际更宽（身体意象），但表现得好像真的是这样（身体图式）。迄今为止，关于是什么阻碍了身体图式的更新（体重、身体意象）的研究结果一直存在矛盾。
因此，我们进行了两项研究，旨在评估 92 名无神经性厌食症的年轻女性的体重和身体意象问题对身体图式的影响。为此，我们使用了一种新的身体图式评估工具（SKIN），它足够灵敏，可以检测到七个不同身体部位的身体图式的细微变化。
在研究 1 中，年轻女性的消瘦或超重对她们的触觉感知有很大影响，尤其是因为被评估的身体部位是年轻女性身体不满的敏感区域（例如，腹部、大腿）。在研究 2 中，参与者在态度和感知维度上的身体不满程度也对他们的身体图式产生了负面影响，再次与体重和身体部位相互作用。
这些结果意味着身体不满和消瘦是身体图式大量扭曲的预测因素。过大的身体图式可能会维持各种体重控制行为，从而增加饮食失调的发展、维持或复发的风险。
