Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, "Santa Maria" Hospital, Terni, Italy.
Med Arch. 2024;78(2):112-116. doi: 10.5455/medarh.2024.78.112-116.
Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in preterm infants. Early nasal CPAP and selective administration of surfactant via the endotracheal tube are widely used in the treatment of RDS in preterm infants.
The aim of this study was to compare the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation after surfactant delivery between LISA-treated and INSURE-treated premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS).
Retrospective registry-based cohort study enrolled 36 newborns admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit of the "Santa Maria" Hospital of Terni between 2016 and 2023. As a primary outcome, we followed the need for intubation and mechanical ventilation within 72 hours of life, while the secondary outcomes were major neonatal morbidities and death before discharge.
The LISA group and the INSURE group included 13 and 23 newborns respectively. Demographic features showed no significant differences between the two groups. The need for mechanical ventilation in the first 72 hours of life was similar in both groups (p >0.99). There were no significant differences in morbidities.
LISA and INSURE are equally effective modalities for surfactant administration for the treatment of RDS in preterm infants.
呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）是早产儿发病率和死亡率的主要原因。早期经鼻持续气道正压通气（CPAP）和经气管内管选择性给予表面活性剂广泛应用于早产儿 RDS 的治疗。
本研究旨在比较 LISA 治疗与 INSURE 治疗呼吸窘迫综合征（RDS）早产儿在表面活性剂给药后需要插管和机械通气的情况。
这是一项基于回顾性注册的队列研究，共纳入 2016 年至 2023 年期间在特尔尼“圣玛丽亚”医院新生儿重症监护病房收治的 36 名新生儿。主要结局是在出生后 72 小时内需要插管和机械通气，次要结局是主要新生儿并发症和出院前死亡。
LISA 组和 INSURE 组分别纳入 13 名和 23 名新生儿。两组的人口统计学特征无显著差异。两组在出生后 72 小时内需要机械通气的情况相似（p＞0.99）。两组的并发症也无显著差异。
LISA 和 INSURE 都是治疗早产儿 RDS 时给予表面活性剂的有效方法。
