Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Hubei Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Wuhan 430072, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2024 May 15;470:134157. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134157. Epub 2024 Mar 29.
The wide occurrence of micro- and nanoplastics (MPs/NPs) within aquatic ecosystems has raised increasing concerns regarding their potential effects on aquatic organisms. However, the effects of MPs/NPs on intestinal health and microbiota of fish remain controversial, and there is a lack of comprehensive understanding regarding how the impact of MPs/NPs is influenced by MPs/NPs characteristics and experimental designs. Here, we conducted a global analysis to synthesize the effects of MPs/NPs on 47 variables associated with fish intestinal health and microbiota from 118 studies. We found that MPs/NPs generally exerted obvious adverse effects on intestinal histological structure, permeability, digestive function, immune and oxidative-antioxidative systems. By contrast, MPs/NPs showed slight effects on intestinal microbial variables. Further, we observed that the responses of intestinal variables to MPs/NPs were significantly regulated by MPs/NPs characteristics and experimental designs. For instance, polyvinyl chloride plastics showed higher toxicity to fish gut than polyethylene and polystyrene did. Additionally, larval fish appeared to be more sensitive to MPs/NPs than juvenile fish. Collectively, this study highlights the potential impacts of MPs/NPs on intestinal health and microbiota of fish, and underscores the determinant role of MPs/NPs characteristics and experimental designs in MPs/NPs toxicity.
微塑料和纳米塑料（MPs/NPs）在水生生态系统中的广泛存在引起了人们对其对水生生物潜在影响的日益关注。然而，MPs/NPs 对鱼类肠道健康和微生物群的影响仍存在争议，并且人们对 MPs/NPs 的影响如何受 MPs/NPs 特性和实验设计的影响缺乏全面的了解。在这里，我们进行了一项全球分析，以综合 118 项研究中与鱼类肠道健康和微生物群相关的 47 个变量受 MPs/NPs 影响的情况。我们发现 MPs/NPs 通常对肠道组织学结构、通透性、消化功能、免疫和氧化抗氧化系统产生明显的不良影响。相比之下，MPs/NPs 对肠道微生物变量的影响较小。此外，我们观察到肠道变量对 MPs/NPs 的反应受到 MPs/NPs 特性和实验设计的显著调节。例如，聚氯乙烯塑料对鱼肠道的毒性高于聚乙烯和聚苯乙烯。此外，幼鱼比幼鱼对 MPs/NPs 更为敏感。总的来说，这项研究强调了 MPs/NPs 对鱼类肠道健康和微生物群的潜在影响，并强调了 MPs/NPs 特性和实验设计在 MPs/NPs 毒性中的决定作用。
