Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood, Herlev and Gentofte Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2024 Apr;119(4):960-968. doi: 10.1016/j.ajcnut.2023.12.015. Epub 2024 Feb 22.
We previously reported that children of mothers who received fish oil supplementation during pregnancy had higher body mass index [BMI (in kg/m)] at 6 y of age as well as a concomitant increase in fat-, muscle, and bone mass, but no difference in fat percentage.
Here, we report follow-up at age 10 y including assessment of metabolic health.
This is a follow-up analysis of a randomized clinical trial conducted among 736 pregnant females and their offspring participating in the Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood mother-child cohort. The intervention was 2.4 g n-3 (ω-3) Long-Chain PolyUnsaturated Fatty Acid (n-3 LCPUFA) or control daily from pregnancy week 24 until 1 wk after birth. Outcomes were anthropometric measurements, body composition from Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis, blood pressure, concentrations of triglycerides, cholesterol, glucose, and C-peptide from fasting blood samples, and a metabolic syndrome score was calculated. Anthropometric measurements and body composition were prespecified secondary endpoints of the n-3 LCPUFA trial, and others were exploratory.
Children in the n-3 LCPUFA group had a higher mean BMI at age 10 year compared to the control group: 17.4 (SD: 2.44) compared with 16.9 (2.28); P = 0.020 and a higher odds ratio of having overweight (odds ratio: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.33; P = 0.047). This corresponded to differences in body composition in terms of increased lean mass (0.49 kg; 95% CI: -0.20, 1.14; P = 0.17), fat mass (0.49 kg; 95% CI: -0.03, 1.01; P = 0.06), and fat percent (0.74%; 95% CI: -0.01, 1.49; P = 0.053) compared to the control group. Children in the n-3 LCPUFA group had a higher metabolic syndrome score compared to the control (mean difference: 0.19; 95% CI: -0.02, 0.39; P = 0.053).
In this randomized clinical trial, children of mothers receiving n-3 LCPUFA supplementation had increased BMI at age 10 y, increased risk of being overweight, and a tendency of increased fat percentage and higher metabolic syndrome score. These findings suggest potential adverse health effects from n-3 LCPUFA supplementation during pregnancy and need to be replicated in future independent studies. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT00798226.
我们之前报道过，母亲在怀孕期间补充鱼油，其子女在 6 岁时的体重指数[BMI（kg/m）]更高，同时脂肪、肌肉和骨量也相应增加，但脂肪百分比没有差异。
在此，我们报告了 10 岁时的随访结果，包括对代谢健康的评估。
这是一项在 736 名孕妇及其子女中进行的随机临床试验的随访分析，他们参加了哥本哈根儿童哮喘前瞻性研究母子队列。干预措施是从妊娠 24 周开始每天补充 2.4 克 n-3（ω-3）长链多不饱和脂肪酸（n-3 LCPUFA）或对照，直到出生后 1 周。结果是通过生物电阻抗分析测量的人体测量学指标和身体成分、血压、空腹血样中甘油三酯、胆固醇、葡萄糖和 C 肽的浓度，以及计算代谢综合征评分。人体测量学指标和身体成分是 n-3 LCPUFA 试验的预设次要终点，其他则为探索性终点。
n-3 LCPUFA 组的儿童在 10 岁时的平均 BMI 高于对照组：17.4（标准差：2.44）比 16.9（2.28）；P = 0.020，超重的可能性更高（比值比：1.53；95%可信区间：1.01，2.33；P = 0.047）。这对应于身体成分的差异，表现为增加了瘦体重（0.49 千克；95%可信区间：-0.20，1.14；P = 0.17）、脂肪量（0.49 千克；95%可信区间：0.03，1.01；P = 0.06）和脂肪百分比（0.74%；95%可信区间：-0.01，1.49；P = 0.053），与对照组相比。与对照组相比，n-3 LCPUFA 组的儿童的代谢综合征评分更高（平均差异：0.19；95%可信区间：-0.02，0.39；P = 0.053）。
在这项随机临床试验中，母亲接受 n-3 LCPUFA 补充的儿童在 10 岁时的 BMI 增加，超重的风险增加，脂肪百分比和代谢综合征评分增加的趋势。这些发现表明，母亲在怀孕期间补充 n-3 LCPUFA 可能会对健康产生不良影响，需要在未来的独立研究中加以证实。这项试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT00798226。
