School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
Health and Wellbeing Centre for Research Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia.
J Adolesc. 2024 Jul;96(5):1116-1125. doi: 10.1002/jad.12321. Epub 2024 Apr 3.
Social media has become a ubiquitous part of everyday life; however, evidence suggests patterns of social media use can affect sleep health in children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the associations of intense and problematic social media use (SMU) with sleep-onset difficulties in adolescence.
We analysed data from 212,613 adolescents aged 11-15 years (51.1% girls) from 40 European and North American countries that participated in the 2017/2018 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey. Intense SMU assessed how often respondents had online contact through social media, and problematic SMU was assessed by symptoms of addiction to social media. Sleep-onset difficulties were assessed using a self-reported item. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression was used to obtain the estimates.
Sleep-onset difficulties were more common among girls than boys (27.1% vs 20.8%). Intense SMU was significantly associated with sleep-onset difficulties in boys in 17 countries and in girls in 25 countries, while problematic SMU was significantly associated in most of the participating countries. Overall, exposure to problematic SMU alone was highly associated with sleep-onset difficulties both in girls (OR 2.20, 2.04-2.38) and boys (OR 1.88, 1.73-2.04), while the association estimates for intense SMU were smaller and comparable across gender (Girls: OR 1.27, 1.23-1.31; Boys: OR 1.22, 1.18-1.27). Sensitivity analyses supported the above findings.
Intense and/or problematic SMU were associated with sleep-onset difficulties across gender with associations being higher for problematic compared to intense SMU. Prospective research with objective measures is needed to understand the causal mechanisms underlying these relationships.
社交媒体已成为日常生活中无处不在的一部分；然而，有证据表明，社交媒体的使用模式会影响儿童和青少年的睡眠健康。本研究旨在探讨青少年中高强度和有问题的社交媒体使用（SMU）与入睡困难之间的关联。
我们分析了来自 40 个欧洲和北美国家的 212613 名年龄在 11-15 岁（51.1%为女孩）的青少年的数据，这些青少年参加了 2017/2018 年的“青少年健康行为调查”。高强度的 SMU 通过评估受访者通过社交媒体进行在线联系的频率来进行评估，而有问题的 SMU 通过社交媒体成瘾的症状来评估。入睡困难通过一项自我报告的项目进行评估。采用多水平混合效应逻辑回归来获得估计值。
入睡困难在女孩中比男孩中更为常见（27.1%比 20.8%）。在 17 个国家的男孩中，高强度的 SMU 与入睡困难显著相关，在 25 个国家的女孩中也有显著相关性，而在大多数参与国家中，有问题的 SMU 也与入睡困难显著相关。总体而言，仅接触有问题的 SMU 与女孩（OR 2.20，2.04-2.38）和男孩（OR 1.88，1.73-2.04）的入睡困难高度相关，而高强度 SMU 的关联估计值在性别之间较小且相当（女孩：OR 1.27，1.23-1.31；男孩：OR 1.22，1.18-1.27）。敏感性分析支持上述发现。
高强度和/或有问题的 SMU 与入睡困难有关，且与有问题的 SMU 相比，高强度的 SMU 与入睡困难的关联更强。需要进行前瞻性研究，使用客观测量来了解这些关系背后的因果机制。
