Department of Agronomic and Forestry Sciences, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil.
Department of Agronomic, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Environ Monit Assess. 2024 Apr 4;196(5):423. doi: 10.1007/s10661-024-12589-z.
Mobile herbicides have a high potential for groundwater contamination. An alternative to decrease the mobility of herbicides is to apply materials with high sorbent capacity to the soil, such as biochars. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of eucalyptus, rice hull, and native bamboo biochar amendments on sorption and desorption of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac in a tropical soil. The sorption-desorption was evaluated using the batch equilibrium method at five concentrations of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac. Soil was amended with eucalyptus, rice hull, and native bamboo biochar at a rate of 0 (control-unamended) and 1% (w w), corresponding to 0 and 12 t ha, respectively. The amount of sorbed herbicides in the unamended soil followed the decreasing order: quinclorac (65.9%) > metribuzin (21.4%) > hexazinone (16.0%). Native bamboo biochar provided the highest sorption compared to rice hull and eucalyptus biochar-amended soils for the three herbicides. The amount of desorbed herbicides in the unamended soil followed the decreasing order: metribuzin (18.35%) > hexazinone (15.9%) > quinclorac (15.1%). Addition of native bamboo biochar provided the lowest desorption among the biochar amendments for the three herbicides. In conclusion, the biochars differently affect the sorption and desorption of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac mobile herbicides in a tropical soil. The addition of eucalyptus, rice hull, and native bamboo biochars is a good alternative to increase the sorption of hexazinone, metribuzin, and quinclorac, thus, reducing mobility and availability of these herbicides to nontarget organisms in soil.
移动除草剂对地下水有很高的污染潜力。降低除草剂流动性的一种替代方法是将具有高吸附能力的材料应用于土壤中，例如生物炭。本研究的目的是评估桉木、稻壳和本地竹生物炭改良剂对热带土壤中六嗪酮、甲磺隆和氯喹酸的吸附和解吸的影响。采用批平衡法，在五浓度的六嗪酮、甲磺隆和氯喹酸下评价吸附-解吸作用。土壤用桉木、稻壳和本地竹生物炭以 0（对照-未改良）和 1%（w/w）进行改良，分别相当于 0 和 12 t/ha。未改良土壤中吸附的除草剂量依次减少：氯喹酸（65.9%）>甲磺隆（21.4%）>六嗪酮（16.0%）。与稻壳和桉木生物炭改良土壤相比，本地竹生物炭对三种除草剂的吸附作用最高。未改良土壤中解吸的除草剂量依次减少：甲磺隆（18.35%）>六嗪酮（15.9%）>氯喹酸（15.1%）。与生物炭改良剂相比，添加本地竹生物炭可降低三种除草剂的解吸量。总之，生物炭对热带土壤中六嗪酮、甲磺隆和氯喹酸移动除草剂的吸附和解吸有不同的影响。添加桉木、稻壳和本地竹生物炭是增加六嗪酮、甲磺隆和氯喹酸吸附的一种很好的选择，从而降低这些除草剂在土壤中非靶标生物中的移动性和可用性。
