Prospective and Cooperation, 1 Place Gabriel Péri, Vieux Port, 13001, Marseille, France.
Public Health Emergency Management, Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 3;14(1):7170. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-51324-z.
Since the onset of the seventh cholera pandemic, Ethiopia has been affected by recurrent epidemics. However, the epidemiology of cholera in this country remains poorly understood. This study aimed to describe cholera outbreak characteristics in Ethiopia from 2015 to 2021. During this period, Ethiopia experienced four epidemic waves. The first wave involved nationwide outbreaks during the second half of 2016 followed by outbreaks predominantly affecting Somali Region in 2017. The second wave primarily affected Tigray and Afar Regions. During the third wave, multiple smaller-scale outbreaks occurred during 2019. The fourth wave was limited to Bale Zone (Oromia Region) in 2021. Overall, a north to south shift was observed over the course of the study period. Major cholera transmission factors included limited access to safe water and sanitation facilities. Severe weather events (drought and flooding) appear to aggravate cholera diffusion. Cholera transmission between Ethiopia and nearby countries (Kenya and Somalia), likely plays a major role in regional cholera dynamics. Overall, this study provides the first understanding of recent spatiotemporal cholera dynamics in Ethiopia to inform cholera control and elimination strategies.
自第七次霍乱大流行以来，埃塞俄比亚一直受到反复流行的影响。然而，该国的霍乱流行病学仍知之甚少。本研究旨在描述 2015 年至 2021 年期间埃塞俄比亚的霍乱暴发特征。在此期间，埃塞俄比亚经历了四次疫情波。第一波涉及 2016 年下半年全国范围内的暴发，随后 2017 年主要影响索马里地区。第二波主要影响提格雷和阿法尔地区。在第三波期间，2019 年发生了多起较小规模的暴发。第四波仅限于 2021 年的贝尔地区（奥罗米亚州）。总体而言，在研究期间观察到从北到南的转移。主要的霍乱传播因素包括获得安全水和卫生设施的机会有限。恶劣的天气事件（干旱和洪水）似乎加剧了霍乱的扩散。埃塞俄比亚与附近国家（肯尼亚和索马里）之间的霍乱传播可能在区域霍乱动态中发挥重要作用。总的来说，本研究首次了解了埃塞俄比亚最近的霍乱时空动态，为霍乱控制和消除策略提供了信息。
