Department of Medicine, Section of Neuroscience, City University of New York School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Department of Neurology, White Plains Hospital, White Plains, NY, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2024 May;42(2):389-432. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2023.12.003. Epub 2024 Jan 12.
Vasculitis refers to heterogeneous clinicopathologic disorders that share the histopathology of inflammation of blood vessels. Unrecognized and therefore untreated, vasculitis of the nervous system leads to pervasive injury and disability making this a disorder of paramount importance to all clinicians. Headache may be an important clue to vasculitic involvement of central nervous system (CNS) vessels. CNS vasculitis may be primary, in which only intracranial vessels are involved in the inflammatory process, or secondary to another known disorder with overlapping systemic involvement. Primary neurologic vasculitides can be diagnosed with assurance after intensive evaluation that incudes tissue confirmation whenever possible.
血管炎是指具有多种临床表现和病理学特征的异质性疾病,其共同特征为血管炎症。神经系统血管炎若未被识别和治疗,可导致广泛的组织损伤和残疾,因此,神经系统血管炎是所有临床医生都需要高度重视的疾病。头痛可能是提示中枢神经系统(CNS)血管受累的重要线索。CNS 血管炎可以是原发性的,即仅颅内血管受累于炎症过程,也可以是继发于其他已知疾病,且有重叠的全身受累。原发性神经血管炎可以在进行全面评估后,通过尽可能的组织学确认,明确诊断。