Prithvi Ashwini, Kodethoor Dhrithi, K Sushma, Lewin Sanjiv
Department of Paediatrics, St John's Medical College Hospital, Bangalore, India.
Paediatr Int Child Health. 2024 Aug;44(2):52-54. doi: 10.1080/20469047.2024.2335423. Epub 2024 Apr 5.
Osteopetrosis encompasses rare inherited metabolic bone disorders with defect in the osteoclast activity. Severe forms of presentation such as malignant infantile osteopetrosis are seen in infants and milder forms in older children. The clinical presentation includes failure to thrive, severe pallor, optic atrophy and hepatosplenomegaly. The disorder is characterised by dense bone on radiography, hence the name marble bone disease. A 10-month-old boy who presented with developmental delay, failure to thrive, nystagmus (which the mother described as wandering eye movements), splenomegaly of 16 cm and hepatomegaly of 8 cm. Investigations demonstrated severe anaemia (5.7 g/dL) and thrombocytopenia (34 x 109/L). Radiological signs which help in the diagnosis include diffuse sclerosis, bone within bone appearance, sandwich vertebrae and Erlenmeyer flask deformity. Plain radiography is an easily available and cost effective tool which can aid in the diagnosis of osteopetrosis.
骨硬化症是一种罕见的遗传性代谢性骨病,破骨细胞活性存在缺陷。严重的表现形式如恶性婴儿骨硬化症见于婴儿,而年龄较大儿童则表现为较轻的形式。临床表现包括发育迟缓、严重苍白、视神经萎缩和肝脾肿大。该疾病在影像学上的特征是骨质致密,因此得名大理石骨病。一名10个月大的男孩,表现为发育迟缓、生长发育不良、眼球震颤(母亲描述为眼球游动)、脾肿大16厘米和肝肿大8厘米。检查显示严重贫血(5.7克/分升)和血小板减少(34×10⁹/L)。有助于诊断的放射学征象包括弥漫性硬化、骨中骨表现、夹心椎和烧瓶样畸形。普通X线摄影是一种容易获得且具有成本效益的工具,可辅助骨硬化症的诊断。