Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland; Department of Oncology, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne and Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Semin Oncol Nurs. 2024 Jun;40(3):151629. doi: 10.1016/j.soncn.2024.151629. Epub 2024 Apr 6.
OBJECTIVES: The field of oncology has been revolutionized by precision medicine, driven by advancements in molecular and genomic profiling. High-throughput genomic sequencing and non-invasive diagnostic methods have deepened our understanding of cancer biology, leading to personalized treatment approaches. Precision health expands on precision medicine, emphasizing holistic healthcare, integrating molecular profiling and genomics, physiology, behavioral, and social and environmental factors. Precision health encompasses traditional and emerging data, including electronic health records, patient-generated health data, and artificial intelligence-based health technologies. This article aims to explore the opportunities and challenges faced by advanced practice nurses (APNs) within the precision health paradigm. METHODS: We searched for peer-reviewed and professional relevant studies and articles on advanced practice nursing, oncology, precision medicine and precision health, and symptom science. RESULTS: APNs' roles and competencies align with the core principles of precision health, allowing for personalized interventions based on comprehensive patient characteristics. We identified educational needs and policy gaps as limitations faced by APNs in fully embracing precision health. CONCLUSION: APNs, including nurse practitioners and clinical nurse specialists, are ideally positioned to advance precision health. Nevertheless, it is imperative to overcome a series of barriers to fully leverage APNs' potential in this context. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: APNs can significantly contribute to precision health through their competencies in predictive, preventive, and health promotion strategies, personalized and collaborative care plans, ethical considerations, and interdisciplinary collaboration. However, there is a need to foster education in genetics and genomics, encourage continuous professional development, and enhance understanding of artificial intelligence-related technologies and digital health. Furthermore, APNs' scope of practice needs to be reflected in policy making and legislation to enable effective contribution of APNs to precision health.
目的：精准医学的发展推动了肿瘤学领域的革命，这得益于分子和基因组分析技术的进步。高通量基因组测序和非侵入性诊断方法加深了我们对癌症生物学的理解，从而导致了个性化的治疗方法。精准健康是在精准医学的基础上发展起来的，强调整体医疗保健，整合分子分析和基因组学、生理学、行为学以及社会和环境因素。精准健康涵盖了传统和新兴的数据，包括电子健康记录、患者生成的健康数据和基于人工智能的健康技术。本文旨在探讨高级实践护士（APN）在精准健康模式下面临的机遇和挑战。
方法：我们搜索了关于高级实践护理、肿瘤学、精准医学和精准健康以及症状科学的同行评审和专业相关研究和文章。
结果：APN 的角色和能力与精准健康的核心原则一致，允许根据患者的综合特征进行个性化干预。我们确定了教育需求和政策差距是 APN 全面接受精准健康所面临的限制。
结论：APN，包括执业护士和临床护理专家，是推进精准健康的理想人选。然而，必须克服一系列障碍，才能充分发挥 APN 在这方面的潜力。
对护理实践的影响：APN 可以通过其在预测、预防和健康促进策略、个性化和协作式护理计划、伦理考虑以及跨学科合作方面的能力，为精准健康做出重大贡献。然而，需要在遗传学和基因组学方面开展教育，鼓励持续的专业发展，并提高对人工智能相关技术和数字健康的理解。此外，需要在政策制定和立法中反映 APN 的实践范围，以使 APN 能够有效为精准健康做出贡献。
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