Tan Kai, Bian Zhiyao, Liang Huiqing, Hu Wenyue, Xia Miao, Han Shuaijuan, Chen Baojiang
College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China.
Front Vet Sci. 2024 Mar 22;11:1381823. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1381823. eCollection 2024.
Enzymolytic soybean meal (ESBM) enriches free amino acids and small peptides, while mitigating anti-nutritional factors. Substituting soybean meal with ESBM enhances animal performance, though optimal piglet dietary supplementation levels vary. The present study aimed to assess the impact of ESBM on the growth performance, nutrient digestibility, antioxidative capacity and intestinal health of weaned piglets. A total of 120 piglets (initial body weight, 7.0 ± 0.4 kg) were randomly allocated into 4 dietary groups, each comprising 5 replicates with 6 piglets per replicate. The control group received the basal diet, while the experimental groups were fed diets containing 2, 4% or 8% ESBM as a replacement for soybean meal over 28 days. Compared with the control group, piglets supplemented with 4% ESBM exhibited a significant increase ( < 0.05) in average daily gain and the apparent total tract digestibility of dry matter, ether extract and gross energy ( < 0.05), alongside a notable decrease ( < 0.05) in diarrhea incidence. Fed ESBM linearly increased ( < 0.05) the villus height in the ileum of piglets. The levels of superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity in serum of piglets increased ( < 0.05) in the 2 and 4% ESBM groups, while diamine oxidase content decreased ( < 0.05) in the 4 and 8% ESBM group. ESBM inclusion also upregulated ( < 0.05) the expression of superoxide dismutase 1 (), Catalase () and mRNA. In terms of cecal fermentation characteristics, ESBM supplementation resulted in a increase ( < 0.05) in valerate content and a linear rise ( < 0.05) in propionate, butyrate, and total short-chain fatty acids levels, accompanied by a decrease ( < 0.05) in the concentrations of tryptamine and NH in cecal digesta. ESBM had no discernible effect on cecal microbial composition. In summary, substitution of soybean meal with ESBM effectively improved the growth performance of piglets by enhancing nutrient digestibility, antioxidant capacity, intestinal barrier and cecal microbial fermentation characteristics, with the optimal replacement level identified at 4%.
酶解豆粕（ESBM）能富集游离氨基酸和小肽，同时减轻抗营养因子的影响。用ESBM替代豆粕可提高动物生产性能，不过仔猪最佳日粮添加水平有所不同。本研究旨在评估ESBM对断奶仔猪生长性能、养分消化率、抗氧化能力和肠道健康的影响。总共120头仔猪（初始体重7.0±0.4千克）被随机分为4个日粮组，每组5个重复，每个重复6头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础日粮，而实验组在28天内分别饲喂含2%、4%或8% ESBM替代豆粕的日粮。与对照组相比，补充4% ESBM的仔猪平均日增重以及干物质、乙醚提取物和总能的表观全肠道消化率显著提高（P<0.05），腹泻发生率显著降低（P<0.05）。饲喂ESBM使仔猪回肠绒毛高度呈线性增加（P<0.05）。2%和4% ESBM组仔猪血清中超氧化物歧化酶和总抗氧化能力水平升高（P<0.05），而4%和8% ESBM组二胺氧化酶含量降低（P<0.05）。添加ESBM还上调了超氧化物歧化酶1（SOD1）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和（此处原文可能有缺失）mRNA的表达（P<0.05）。在盲肠发酵特性方面，补充ESBM导致戊酸含量增加（P<0.05），丙酸、丁酸和总短链脂肪酸水平呈线性上升（P<0.05），同时盲肠内容物中色胺和NH（此处原文可能有缺失）浓度降低（P<0.05）。ESBM对盲肠微生物组成没有明显影响。总之，用ESBM替代豆粕可通过提高养分消化率、抗氧化能力、肠道屏障和盲肠微生物发酵特性有效改善仔猪生长性能，最佳替代水平为4%。
