Teru Smaran S, Dogiparthi Jaswanthi, Bonitz Thomas J, Buzas Chris
Medical School, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, USA.
Ophthalmology, Lake Erie College of Osteopathic Medicine, Erie, USA.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 6;16(3):e55652. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55652. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is a newly discovered autoimmune demyelinating disorder. The clinical manifestations of MOGAD are divergent but often characterized by inflammatory central nervous system (CNS) deficits such as optic neuritis, encephalitis, or transverse myelitis that predominantly affect the pediatric population. Despite the distinct features often associated with MOGAD, the disease exhibits a diverse range of clinical manifestations, making timely diagnosis and treatment challenging. In particular, distinguishing MOGAD from multiple sclerosis (MS) is important for adequate treatment and the prevention of relapsing disease. In this report, we present a rare case of MOGAD in a 57-year-old male who initially exhibited symptoms of bilateral optic nerve edema and flame hemorrhage. This led to an initial misdiagnosis of pseudotumor cerebri. Serological analysis at a tertiary care center ultimately led to the diagnosis of MOGAD after multiple visits to the ophthalmologist with worsening vision deficits.
髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病（MOGAD）是一种新发现的自身免疫性脱髓鞘疾病。MOGAD的临床表现多种多样，但通常以炎症性中枢神经系统（CNS）缺陷为特征，如视神经炎、脑炎或横贯性脊髓炎，主要影响儿童人群。尽管MOGAD通常具有明显特征，但该疾病表现出多种多样的临床表现，这使得及时诊断和治疗具有挑战性。特别是，将MOGAD与多发性硬化症（MS）区分开来对于充分治疗和预防疾病复发很重要。在本报告中，我们介绍了一例罕见的MOGAD病例，患者为一名57岁男性，最初表现为双侧视神经水肿和火焰状出血症状。这导致最初误诊为假性脑瘤。在三级医疗中心进行的血清学分析最终在多次就诊眼科医生且视力缺陷恶化后确诊为MOGAD。
