Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China.
Department of Urology, Urologic Surgery Center, Xinqiao Hospital, Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400037, China.
Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2024 May;197:104348. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104348. Epub 2024 Apr 6.
Prostate cancer (PCa) is a common health threat to men worldwide, and castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) is the leading cause of PCa-related deaths. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are lipid bilayer compartments secreted by living cells that are important mediators of intercellular communication. EVs regulate the biological processes of recipient cells by transmitting heterogeneous cargoes, contributing to CRPC occurrence, progression, and drug resistance. These EVs originate not only from malignant cells, but also from various cell types within the tumor microenvironment. EVs are widely dispersed throughout diverse biological fluids and are attractive biomarkers derived from noninvasive liquid biopsy techniques. EV quantities and cargoes have been tested as potential biomarkers for CRPC diagnosis, progression, drug resistance, and prognosis; however, technical barriers to their clinical application continue to exist. Furthermore, exogenous EVs may provide tools for new therapies for CRPC. This review summarizes the current evidence on the role of EVs in CRPC.
前列腺癌（PCa）是全球男性常见的健康威胁，去势抵抗性前列腺癌（CRPC）是导致前列腺癌相关死亡的主要原因。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是由活细胞分泌的具有双层脂膜的囊泡，是细胞间通讯的重要介质。EVs 通过传递异质性货物来调节受体细胞的生物学过程，有助于 CRPC 的发生、进展和耐药性。这些 EVs 不仅来源于恶性细胞，还来源于肿瘤微环境中的各种细胞类型。EVs 广泛分布于各种生物体液中，并且作为非侵入性液体活检技术衍生的有吸引力的生物标志物。EV 的数量和货物已被测试为 CRPC 诊断、进展、耐药性和预后的潜在生物标志物；然而，其临床应用的技术障碍仍然存在。此外，外源性 EVs 可能为 CRPC 的新疗法提供工具。本综述总结了目前关于 EV 在 CRPC 中的作用的证据。
