Kołodziejczyk Agata, Krawczyk Julia, Tkaczyszyn-Mika Elżbieta, Gniewczyńska Julia, Ziarko Michał, Zozulińska-Ziółkiewicz Dorota, Pawłowski Tomasz
Division of Psychotherapy and Psychosomatic Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland.
Lower Silesian Oncology, Pulmonology and Hematology Center, 53-413 Wroclaw, Poland.
J Clin Med. 2024 Feb 25;13(5):1306. doi: 10.3390/jcm13051306.
Cancer, diabetes, and heart diseases are frequent causes of depression and anxiety. The study explored the metacognitive beliefs manifested by chronically ill patients and the presence of depressive or anxiety symptoms and the predictive role of metacognition in both.
A total of 254 chronically ill patients participated in the study. The Metacognitive Questionnaire was used to measure the patients' metacognitive beliefs, whereas the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale was applied to evaluate their psychopathological symptoms. A correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationships between metacognition and psychopathological symptoms. Regression analyses were conducted to examine the predictive role of metacognition in anxiety and depression.
The Negative Beliefs about Uncontrollability and Danger scale correlated with both anxiety and depression scales, and the Cognitive Confidence scale correlated with the depression scale. Linear regression analyses indicated that metacognitive beliefs were responsible for 32.2% of the variance of anxiety symptoms among all the chronically ill. Metacognitive beliefs accounted for 48.8% of the variance in anxiety symptoms and 36.6% in depressive symptoms among diabetes patients.
There are specific correlations between psychopathological symptoms and metacognition among chronically ill patients. Metacognitions have a moderate role in developing and sustaining anxiety and depressive symptoms.
癌症、糖尿病和心脏病是导致抑郁和焦虑的常见原因。本研究探讨了慢性病患者表现出的元认知信念以及抑郁或焦虑症状的存在情况，以及元认知在这两者中的预测作用。
共有254名慢性病患者参与了该研究。使用元认知问卷来测量患者的元认知信念，同时应用医院焦虑抑郁量表来评估他们的心理病理症状。进行相关性分析以探讨元认知与心理病理症状之间的关系。进行回归分析以检验元认知在焦虑和抑郁中的预测作用。
关于不可控性和危险的消极信念量表与焦虑和抑郁量表均相关，认知信心量表与抑郁量表相关。线性回归分析表明，元认知信念在所有慢性病患者中解释了焦虑症状变异的32.2%。在糖尿病患者中，元认知信念解释了焦虑症状变异的48.8%和抑郁症状变异的36.6%。
慢性病患者的心理病理症状与元认知之间存在特定的相关性。元认知在焦虑和抑郁症状的产生和维持中起适度作用。
