Thanasuwan Sirikanda, Piratae Supawadee, Thaowandee Keattipong, Amporn Chalothon
Department of Veterinary Technology, Faculty of Agriculture Technology, Kalasin University, Kalasin 46000, Thailand.
One Health Research Unit, Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44000, Thailand.
Vet World. 2024 Feb;17(2):273-281. doi: 10.14202/vetworld.2024.273-281. Epub 2024 Feb 1.
Gastrointestinal (GI) parasite infections are the foremost and prevalent diseases that affect pigs in Thailand. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GI parasites among pigs in Kalasin Province. This study is the first attempt to understand the occurrence of GI parasites in pigs within Kalasin province using fecal samples as the methodology.
We collected 324 fecal samples directly from the rectums of pigs from May to July 2023. The formalin-ethyl acetate concentration and floatation methods were used to examine these samples. The eggs or oocysts were identified by observing their morphology and size under a light microscope.
Of the 324 fecal samples examined, 276 tested positive for gastrointestinal parasitic infections, resulting in a prevalence rate of 85.19%. Nematodes were the most prevalent, with Strongyle-type infections being the highest in 267 cases (82.41%), followed by in 222 cases (68.52%), and spp. in 152 cases (46.91%). spp. infections were also observed in 92 cases (28.40%). However, trematode infection was relatively rare, with only spp. found in 15 cases (4.63%). We identified spp. in 87 cases (26.85%), spp. in 70 cases (21.60%), in 67 cases (20.68%), and spp. in 52 cases (16.05%). Notably, most of the positive fecal samples showed double infections with a prevalence rate of approximately 38.27%. Single infections were the next most common, accounting for 25.31% of the cases, followed by 3 parasites (14.81%) and 4-5 parasites (6.79%).
This study underscores the high endemicity of GI parasites among pigs in Kalasin province. To improve prevention and control measures, it is recommended to establish a health monitoring program that includes deworming and emphasizes good hygiene practices. The insights gained from this study will contribute to the enhancement of pig farming practices in Kalasin province, ultimately leading to improved production and profitability. In addition, future research should focus on detecting these parasites in Kalasin and exploring their relationship with human transmission cycle.
胃肠道寄生虫感染是泰国影响猪群的首要且普遍的疾病。本研究旨在确定呵叻府猪群中胃肠道寄生虫的感染率。本研究是首次尝试采用粪便样本作为方法来了解呵叻府猪群中胃肠道寄生虫的发生情况。
2023年5月至7月，我们直接从猪的直肠采集了324份粪便样本。采用福尔马林 - 乙酸乙酯浓缩法和漂浮法对这些样本进行检测。通过在光学显微镜下观察虫卵或卵囊的形态和大小来进行鉴定。
在检测的324份粪便样本中，276份检测出胃肠道寄生虫感染呈阳性，感染率为85.19%。线虫最为常见，其中圆线虫类感染最多，有267例（82.41%），其次是蛔虫感染222例（68.52%），类圆线虫属感染152例（46.91%）。也观察到隐孢子虫属感染92例（28.40%）。然而，吸虫感染相对较少，仅在15例（4.63%）中发现姜片吸虫属。我们在87例（26.85%）中鉴定出艾美耳球虫属，在70例（21.60%）中鉴定出等孢球虫属，在67例（20.68%）中鉴定出结肠小袋纤毛虫，在52例（16.05%）中鉴定出鞭虫属。值得注意的是，大多数阳性粪便样本显示双重感染，感染率约为38.27%。单一感染次之，占病例的25.31%，其次是三种寄生虫感染（14.81%）和四至五种寄生虫感染（6.79%）。
本研究强调了呵叻府猪群中胃肠道寄生虫的高流行率。为改进预防和控制措施，建议建立一个包括驱虫并强调良好卫生习惯的健康监测计划。本研究获得的见解将有助于改进呵叻府的养猪实践，最终提高产量和盈利能力。此外，未来的研究应专注于在呵叻府检测这些寄生虫，并探索它们与人类传播循环的关系。
