Vargas-Escobar Paola, Flórez-Acosta Oscar, Corrales-García Ligia Luz
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Calle 67 Nº 53 - 108, Medellín, Colombia.
Department of Food, Faculty of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, Calle 67 Nº 53 - 108, Medellín, Colombia.
Heliyon. 2024 Mar 27;10(7):e28402. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28402. eCollection 2024 Apr 15.
Purpose of this study is to explore the extraction of potentially valuable cosmetic ingredients from rice crop residues, aiming to mitigate their environmental impact.
We employed AOAC methods to analyze the fat, protein, ash, fiber, soluble, and insoluble carbohydrate content in these residues. To identify sugars rich in galactose and acidic sugars, a total soluble carbohydrate extraction was performed. Cellulose, as part of the insoluble carbohydrates, was isolated through alkaline and acid hydrolysis, while sodium silicate was derived from the ash. Characterization of insoluble cellulose and silicate involved techniques like FTIR, DSC, PXRD, microphotography, porosity assessments, and water absorption studies. For proteins, alkaline solubilization and precipitation at the isoelectric point were utilized, with quantification via BCA and amino acid profiling through gas chromatography. Evaluation of radical scavenging capacity using DPPH led to the calculation of apparent molecular weight via SDS-PAGE.
The results revealed low levels of gum, mucilage, and pectin in both residues, contrasting with a high concentration of insoluble polysaccharides. Among these, Iβ cellulose displayed potential attributes for cosmetic applications due to its oil and water adsorption characteristics. However, silicates obtained from the ashes did not exhibit direct use potential. In terms of protein extraction, we observed antioxidant properties, with enhanced performance through enzymatic hydrolysis, achieving a hydrolysis degree of 30.41% and a DPPH radical absorption rate exceeding 70%.
Rice residues, particularly husk and straw, shown valuable substances suitable for potential cosmetic applications, encompassing cellulose, hydrolyzed proteins, and ash as a silicate precursor.
本研究的目的是探索从水稻作物残渣中提取潜在有价值的化妆品成分，旨在减轻其对环境的影响。
我们采用美国分析化学家协会（AOAC）的方法分析这些残渣中的脂肪、蛋白质、灰分、纤维、可溶性和不可溶性碳水化合物含量。为了鉴定富含半乳糖的糖和酸性糖，进行了总可溶性碳水化合物提取。作为不可溶性碳水化合物一部分的纤维素，通过碱水解和酸水解分离出来，而硅酸钠则从灰分中提取。对不溶性纤维素和硅酸盐的表征涉及傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）、粉末X射线衍射（PXRD）、显微摄影、孔隙率评估和吸水性研究等技术。对于蛋白质，利用碱溶解和在等电点沉淀，通过BCA进行定量，并通过气相色谱进行氨基酸分析。使用二苯基苦味酰基自由基（DPPH）评估自由基清除能力，通过十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（SDS-PAGE）计算表观分子量。
结果显示两种残渣中胶、黏液和果胶含量较低，与高浓度的不溶性多糖形成对比。其中，Iβ纤维素因其吸油和吸水特性，在化妆品应用中显示出潜在特性。然而，从灰分中获得的硅酸盐没有直接的使用潜力。在蛋白质提取方面，我们观察到其抗氧化特性，通过酶水解性能增强，水解度达到30.41%，DPPH自由基吸收率超过70%。
水稻残渣，特别是稻壳和稻草，含有适合潜在化妆品应用的有价值物质，包括纤维素、水解蛋白和作为硅酸盐前体的灰分。
