School of Allied Health Professions and Midwifery, Faculty of Health Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom; Global Population Health (GPH) Research Group, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
Global Population Health (GPH) Research Group, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.
J Pain. 2024 Sep;25(9):104526. doi: 10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104526. Epub 2024 Apr 8.
Low back pain (LBP) is the leading cause of years lived with disability globally, with Nigeria having one of the greatest burdens. A current episode of LBP is important in Nigeria, but the associated factors are unknown. This cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence, biomechanical, and psychosocial factors associated with a current episode of LBP among 700 adult market traders with previous LBP in an urban Nigerian population. Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted. The prevalence of a current episode of LBP was 76.4%. Factors associated with an increased risk of a current episode of LBP in a decreasing order of importance were exposure to biomechanical factors (aggregate [total] score) (odds ratio [OR] = 1.535; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.398-1.685); anxiety (OR = 1.182; 95% CI = 1.089-1.282); fear-avoidance beliefs (physical activity) (OR = 1.139; 95% CI = 1.029-1.261); fear-avoidance beliefs (work) (OR = 1.105; 95% CI = 1.047-1.165); while factors associated with a reduced risk of a current episode of LBP were ability to take breaks in the job in addition to scheduled breaks (OR = .430; 95% CI = .240-.773) and ability to control the order and pace of tasks (OR = .477; 95% CI = .236-.965). Occupational biomechanical and psychosocial factors were associated with a current episode of LBP in logistic regression models explaining 52.7% and 73.1% of the variation in a current episode of LBP. Occupational biomechanical factors, particularly handling large and bulky objects at arm's length and kneeling and squatting, produced the greatest risk of a current episode of LBP. PERSPECTIVE: Occupational biomechanical factors, occupational psychosocial factors, and personal psychosocial factors such as anxiety and fear-avoidance beliefs are associated with a current episode of LBP in Nigeria. Pragmatic public health and occupational health initiatives that modify exposure to these factors may be required in Nigeria.
下背痛（LBP）是全球导致残疾年限的主要原因，尼日利亚的负担最重。当前发作的 LBP 在尼日利亚很重要，但相关因素尚不清楚。本横断面研究调查了在尼日利亚城市人群中，700 名有过 LBP 的成年市场摊主中，当前发作 LBP 的患病率、生物力学和心理社会因素。进行了描述性、双变量和多变量分析。当前发作 LBP 的患病率为 76.4%。按重要性降序排列，与当前发作 LBP 风险增加相关的因素依次为接触生物力学因素（总评分）（优势比 [OR] = 1.535；95%置信区间 [CI] = 1.398-1.685）；焦虑（OR = 1.182；95% CI = 1.089-1.282）；避免恐惧信念（体力活动）（OR = 1.139；95% CI = 1.029-1.261）；避免恐惧信念（工作）（OR = 1.105；95% CI = 1.047-1.165）；而与当前发作 LBP 风险降低相关的因素是除了预定休息时间外，在工作中还能有休息时间（OR = 0.430；95% CI = 0.240-0.773）和能够控制任务的顺序和节奏（OR = 0.477；95% CI = 0.236-0.965）。生物力学和心理社会职业因素与逻辑回归模型中的当前发作 LBP 相关，可解释当前发作 LBP 变化的 52.7%和 73.1%。职业生物力学因素，尤其是在手臂长度范围内搬运大而重的物体、跪地和深蹲，产生了当前发作 LBP 的最大风险。观点：在尼日利亚，职业生物力学因素、职业心理社会因素以及焦虑和恐惧回避信念等个人心理社会因素与当前发作 LBP 相关。可能需要在尼日利亚采取切实可行的公共卫生和职业健康举措来改变对这些因素的暴露。
