Rathored Jaishriram, Soni Rani, Shende Sandesh, Samal Debashish
Department of School of Allied Sciences, Central Research Laboratory and Molecular Diagnostics, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education & Research, Wardha, IND.
Department of Microbiology, Late Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College, Jagdalpur, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 11;16(3):e55939. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55939. eCollection 2024 Mar.
Background Instant infections in children due to acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) were reported in a tribal district of Bastar in Chattisgarh, India, between August 2018 and August 2019. Objective The study was conducted to explore the possibility of a viral cause indicating an outbreak. Methods Clinical surveys and serological investigation tests were conducted to identify the viral etiology. The Bastar area in Chhattisgarh reported factors such as paddy fields near homes, a high pig-to-cattle ratio, a significant presence of mosquitoes, low socioeconomic status, and a lack of health awareness among the tribal people. Result This study, conducted at the Late Baliram Kashyap Memorial Government Medical College in Jagdalpur, Bastar, Chhattisgarh, India, analyzed 128 samples from fever cases out of 213 patients visiting the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) testing center. Among these samples, 71 cases exhibited AES, and subsequent JEV IgM ELISA testing identified 18 cases as JEV-positive, signifying recent JEV infections. Notably, the overwhelming majority (94.44%) of JEV-positive patients were under 16 years old, highlighting the heightened vulnerability of children to JEV illness in the Bastar region. Although male patients accounted for 61.11% of the JEV-positive cases compared to 38.88% of female patients, statistical analysis revealed that this gender disparity was not statistically significant (p-value = 0.18). Conclusion The study emphasizes the significance of identifying the etiology and delivering evidence-based care to patients with AES. Improved diagnosis and management of AES may result from a greater comprehension of the advantages and disadvantages associated with the application and administration of common laboratory and diagnostic algorithms.
背景 2018年8月至2019年8月期间，印度恰蒂斯加尔邦巴斯塔尔部落地区报告了儿童因急性脑炎综合征（AES）导致的即时感染情况。目的 开展该研究以探索病毒病因导致疫情爆发的可能性。方法 进行临床调查和血清学检测以确定病毒病因。恰蒂斯加尔邦的巴斯塔尔地区报告了一些因素，如房屋附近有稻田、猪与牛的比例高、蚊子大量存在、社会经济地位低以及部落人群缺乏健康意识。结果 这项在印度恰蒂斯加尔邦巴斯塔尔贾格德尔布尔的拉特·巴利拉姆·卡什亚普纪念政府医学院开展的研究，分析了前往日本脑炎病毒（JEV）检测中心就诊的213名患者中128例发热病例的样本。在这些样本中，71例表现出AES，随后的JEV IgM ELISA检测确定18例为JEV阳性，表明近期感染了JEV。值得注意的是，绝大多数（94.44%）JEV阳性患者年龄在16岁以下，这突出了巴斯塔尔地区儿童对JEV疾病的易感性更高。尽管JEV阳性病例中男性患者占61.11%，女性患者占38.88%，但统计分析显示这种性别差异无统计学意义（p值 = 0.18）。结论 该研究强调了确定病因并为AES患者提供循证护理的重要性。更好地理解常见实验室和诊断算法应用与管理的优缺点可能会改善AES的诊断和管理。
