Benjamin Niharika, Rani Vishakha, Sushma Bedkekar, Sharma Rohini, Purushottam Burile Aditya, Chatterjee Elashri
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Hitkarini Dental College and Hospital, Jabalpur, IND.
Department of Public Health Dentistry, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Institute of Dental Sciences, Patna, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 11;16(3):e55957. doi: 10.7759/cureus.55957. eCollection 2024 Mar.
The Gonds are a highly ancient and expansive tribal community, ranking among the largest in the world. A review of the literature has suggested that they are more vulnerable to oral diseases and are less inclined to utilize oral health services due to the comprehensive approach that considers the socioeconomic, cultural, and structural factors affecting the Gond community's access to oral health services. Tribal health requires action in the health sector. Utilization is an essential marker of the health status of any population and is necessary to bridge the gap between tribes and the wider portion of the community. Hence, this study was conducted among the Gond tribes of Chhattisgarh to evaluate the oral healthcare utilization factors shaping the perceived oral health outcome using Andersen's behavior model.
This cross-sectional study was carried out among 400 Gond tribes residing in villages of Chhattisgarh. Data was collected through a standardized questionnaire, adapted from Andersen's behavioral model of healthcare utilization during house-to-house survey. The questionnaire included predisposing, enabling, perceived, and evaluated need factors. Oral health status for evaluated need was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment form (1997), and the perceived oral health outcome was measured using Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Results were computed using descriptive statistics, chi-square test, and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). Multivariate analysis was done using binomial logistic regression.
The dental visit in the past one year was only 14%. The findings of logistic regression revealed that the perceived oral health outcome was significantly associated with age, occupation, and positive belief in the efficacy of dentist, perceived need, and presence of dental caries.
The findings of the present study support Andersen's behavioral model and suggest that there is an interrelationship of predisposing characters, predisposing health beliefs, and enabling need factors that determine the likelihood of use of services, which in turn determines the good or bad oral health outcome.
贡德人是一个极为古老且分布广泛的部落群体，位列世界上最大的部落群体之一。文献综述表明，他们更容易患口腔疾病，并且由于综合考虑了影响贡德群体获得口腔健康服务的社会经济、文化和结构因素，他们不太倾向于使用口腔健康服务。部落健康需要卫生部门采取行动。利用率是任何人群健康状况的重要指标，对于弥合部落与更广泛社区之间的差距至关重要。因此，本研究在恰蒂斯加尔邦的贡德部落中开展，以使用安德森行为模型评估影响口腔健康感知结果的口腔医疗服务利用因素。
本横断面研究在居住在恰蒂斯加尔邦村庄的400名贡德部落人群中进行。通过一份标准化问卷收集数据，该问卷改编自安德森医疗服务利用行为模型，在挨家挨户的调查中使用。问卷包括易患因素、促成因素、感知因素和评估需求因素。使用世界卫生组织（WHO）口腔健康评估表（1997年）评估评估需求的口腔健康状况，并使用口腔健康影响程度量表-14（OHIP-14）测量口腔健康感知结果。结果采用描述性统计、卡方检验和单因素方差分析（ANOVA）进行计算。使用二项逻辑回归进行多变量分析。
过去一年的看牙率仅为14%。逻辑回归结果显示，口腔健康感知结果与年龄、职业、对牙医疗效的积极信念、感知需求和龋齿的存在显著相关。
本研究结果支持安德森行为模型，并表明易患特征、易患健康信念和促成需求因素之间存在相互关系，这些因素决定了使用服务的可能性，进而决定了口腔健康结果的好坏。
