Normandie Univ, UNILEHAVRE, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), F-76600, Le Havre, France.
Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne (URCA), UMR-I 02 SEBIO, UFR Sciences Exactes et Naturelles, Campus Moulin de la Housse, BP 1039, 51687, Reims, France.
J Environ Manage. 2024 May;358:120784. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.120784. Epub 2024 Apr 10.
Nowadays, biomarkers are recognized as valuable tools to complement chemical and ecological assessments in biomonitoring programs. They provide insights into the effects of contaminant exposures on individuals and establish connections between environmental pressure and biological response at higher levels. In the last decade, strong improvements in the design of experimental protocols and the result interpretation facilitated the use of biomarker across wide geographical areas, including aquatic continua. Notably, the statistical establishment of reference values and thresholds enabled the discrimination of contamination effects in environmental conditions, allowed interspecies comparisons, and eliminated the need of a reference site. The aim of this work was to study freshwater-estuarine-coastal water continua by applying biomarker measurements in multi-species caged organisms. During two campaigns, eight sentinel species, encompassing fish, mollusks, and crustaceans, were deployed to cover 25 sites from rivers to the sea. As much as possible, a common methodology was employed for biomarker measurements (DNA damage and phagocytosis efficiency) and data interpretation based on guidelines established using reference values and induction/inhibition thresholds (establishment of three effect levels). The methodology was successfully implemented and allowed us to assess the environmental quality. Employing multiple species per site enhances confidence in observed trends. The results highlight the feasibility of integrating biomarker-based environmental monitoring programs across a continuum scale. Biomarker results align with Water Framework Directive indicators in cases of poor site quality. Additionally, when discrepancies arise between chemical and ecological statuses, biomarker findings offer a comprehensive perspective to elucidate the disparities. Presented as a pilot project, this work contributes to gain insights into current biomonitoring needs, providing new questions and perspectives.
如今，生物标志物被认为是补充生物监测计划中化学和生态评估的有价值的工具。它们提供了有关污染物暴露对个体影响的见解，并建立了环境压力与生物反应之间的联系，在更高的水平上。在过去的十年中，实验方案设计和结果解释的显著改进促进了生物标志物在广泛地理区域的应用，包括水生连续体。值得注意的是，参考值和阈值的统计建立使得能够在环境条件下区分污染影响，允许进行种间比较，并消除对参考地点的需求。本研究的目的是通过在多物种笼养生物中应用生物标志物测量来研究淡水-河口-沿海水连续体。在两次活动中，部署了八种哨兵物种，包括鱼类、软体动物和甲壳类动物，以覆盖从河流到海洋的 25 个地点。尽可能采用通用方法进行生物标志物测量（DNA 损伤和吞噬效率）和数据解释，该方法基于使用参考值和诱导/抑制阈值（建立三个效应水平）制定的指南。该方法已成功实施，并使我们能够评估环境质量。在每个地点使用多种物种可以提高对观察到的趋势的信心。研究结果强调了在连续体尺度上整合基于生物标志物的环境监测计划的可行性。在站点质量较差的情况下，生物标志物结果与水框架指令指标一致。此外，当化学和生态状况存在差异时，生物标志物结果提供了全面的视角来阐明差异。作为一个试点项目，这项工作有助于了解当前的生物监测需求，提出新的问题和观点。
