School of Nursing and Rehabilitation, Nantong University, China; Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, under the CMU presidential Scholarship, Thailand.
Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, China; Faculty of Nursing, Chiang Mai University, 110/406 Inthavaroros Road, Suthep, Muang district, Chiangmai 50200, Thailand.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2024 Aug;123:105418. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2024.105418. Epub 2024 Mar 24.
To verify the dose-response relationship between body mass index (BMI) and multimorbidity risk.
PubMed, CINAHL, and Embase were systematically studied until January 25, 2023. Original articles on BMI and multimorbidity risk were included. Random effects model and dose-response meta-analysis were used to estimate the pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95 % confidence interval (CI). Subgroup analysis was performed to explore potential heterogeneity.
A total of 43 studies involving 969,130 patients (94,978 with multimorbidity) were involved in the meta-analysis. In the longitudinal studies, the pooled results showed that, compared to being a normal BMI, being overweight was much similar with 1.32 times possibility of getting multimorbidity; in persons with obesity the risk was 1.93 times higher; and the risk decreased 0.80 times among underweight persons. Additionally, obesity was 1.75 times as likely to be multimorbidity than those non-obese persons. In the cross-sectional studies, the pooled results demonstrated that persons with overweight and obesity had a 1.38-fold and 2.38-fold risk for multimorbidity, respectively; and the risk decreased 0.90 times among underweight persons compared to those with normal BMI. Besides, obese people are 1.89 times more likely to have multimorbidity than non-obese people. Dose response analysis found the linear connection between BMI and multimorbidity risk (P=0.762), that for each 1 kg/m and 5 kg/m increase in BMI, the multimorbidity risk increased by 6 % and 35 %, respectively.
Multimorbidity increased linearly with an increase in BMI. Clinicians should pay attention to persons with abnormal weight, to help them achieve normal BMI.
验证体重指数（BMI）与多种疾病风险之间的剂量-反应关系。
系统检索 PubMed、CINAHL 和 Embase 数据库，检索时限均从建库至 2023 年 1 月 25 日，收集 BMI 与多种疾病风险相关的原始研究。采用随机效应模型和剂量-反应 Meta 分析计算合并比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（CI）。采用亚组分析探讨潜在异质性。
共纳入 43 项研究，包含 969130 例患者（94978 例患有多种疾病）。在纵向研究中，汇总结果显示，与正常 BMI 相比，超重患者发生多种疾病的可能性相似，为 1.32 倍；肥胖患者患病风险增加 1.93 倍；消瘦患者患病风险降低 0.80 倍。此外，肥胖患者发生多种疾病的风险是体重正常患者的 1.75 倍。在横断面研究中，汇总结果显示，超重和肥胖患者发生多种疾病的风险分别为 1.38 倍和 2.38 倍；消瘦患者患病风险降低 0.90 倍。此外，肥胖患者发生多种疾病的风险是体重正常患者的 1.89 倍。剂量-反应分析发现 BMI 与多种疾病风险之间存在线性关联（P=0.762），即 BMI 每增加 1kg/m 和 5kg/m，多种疾病风险分别增加 6%和 35%。
多种疾病的发生风险与 BMI 呈线性增加关系。临床医生应关注体重异常的人群，帮助其达到正常 BMI。
