转移性 Merkel 细胞癌至甲状腺：病例报告及文献复习。
Metastatic merkel cell carcinoma to the thyroid gland: Case report and review of the literature.
机构信息
THANC (Thyroid, Head & Neck Cancer) Foundation, New York, NY, USA; Dept. of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
THANC (Thyroid, Head & Neck Cancer) Foundation, New York, NY, USA; Dept. of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Am J Otolaryngol. 2024 Jul-Aug;45(4):104278. doi: 10.1016/j.amjoto.2024.104278. Epub 2024 Apr 4.
BACKGROUND
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is an aggressive and rare neuroendocrine tumor, accounting for less than 1% of skin cancers. Metastasis primarily manifests in the cervical lymph nodes but rarely affect the thyroid.
METHODS
We report a case of primary head and neck cutaneous MCC with metastasis to the thyroid gland. A review of the literature of MCC with thyroid metastasis was conducted.
RESULTS
We identified five cases of MCC with thyroid metastasis. Primary sites included the distal upper and lower extremities, axilla, buttock, and groin. Treatment courses varied including thyroidectomy, immunotherapy, and expectant palliative measures. Time from initial diagnosis to thyroid metastasis ranged from four months to four years. Tissue diagnosis was achieved in 5 of 6 cases.
CONCLUSIONS
MCC with thyroid metastasis is rare and likely represents aggressive disease. Despite advances in treatment and surveillance, outcomes for MCC remain poor. Ongoing research may establish predictors for treatment response.
背景
Merkel 细胞癌（MCC）是一种侵袭性和罕见的神经内分泌肿瘤，占皮肤癌的比例不到 1%。转移主要表现为颈部淋巴结，但很少累及甲状腺。
方法
我们报告了一例原发于头颈部皮肤的 MCC 伴甲状腺转移。对伴有甲状腺转移的 MCC 文献进行了回顾。
结果
我们共发现 5 例 MCC 伴甲状腺转移。原发部位包括远侧上下肢、腋窝、臀部和腹股沟。治疗方案包括甲状腺切除术、免疫治疗和姑息性期待治疗。从初始诊断到甲状腺转移的时间范围从四个月到四年不等。6 例中有 5 例获得了组织学诊断。
结论
MCC 伴甲状腺转移较为罕见，可能代表侵袭性疾病。尽管治疗和监测取得了进展，但 MCC 的预后仍然较差。正在进行的研究可能会确定治疗反应的预测因素。
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