Pulliam Haley R, Springer Seth D, Rice Danielle L, Ende Grace C, Johnson Hallie J, Willett Madelyn P, Wilson Tony W, Taylor Brittany K
Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; Center for Pediatric Brain Health, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA.
Institute for Human Neuroscience, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, USA; College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
Neuroimage. 2024 Apr 15;292:120606. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2024.120606. Epub 2024 Apr 9.
Radon is a naturally occurring gas that contributes significantly to radiation in the environment and is the second leading cause of lung cancer globally. Previous studies have shown that other environmental toxins have deleterious effects on brain development, though radon has not been studied as thoroughly in this context. This study examined the impact of home radon exposure on the neural oscillatory activity serving attention reorientation in youths. Fifty-six participants (ages 6-14 years) completed a classic Posner cuing task during magnetoencephalography (MEG), and home radon levels were measured for each participant. Time-frequency spectrograms indicated stronger theta (3-7 Hz, 300-800 ms), alpha (9-13 Hz, 400-900 ms), and beta responses (14-24 Hz, 400-900 ms) during the task relative to baseline. Source reconstruction of each significant oscillatory response was performed, and validity maps were computed by subtracting the task conditions (invalidly cued - validly cued). These validity maps were examined for associations with radon exposure, age, and their interaction in a linear regression design. Children with greater radon exposure showed aberrant oscillatory activity across distributed regions critical for attentional processing and attention reorientation (e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and anterior cingulate cortex). Generally, youths with greater radon exposure exhibited a reverse neural validity effect in almost all regions and showed greater overall power relative to peers with lesser radon exposure. We also detected an interactive effect between radon exposure and age where youths with greater radon exposure exhibited divergent developmental trajectories in neural substrates implicated in attentional processing (e.g., bilateral prefrontal cortices, superior temporal gyri, and inferior parietal lobules). These data suggest aberrant, but potentially compensatory neural processing as a function of increasing home radon exposure in areas critical for attention and higher order cognition.
氡是一种天然存在的气体，对环境辐射有重大影响，是全球肺癌的第二大主要病因。先前的研究表明，其他环境毒素对大脑发育有有害影响，不过在这方面对氡的研究还不够深入。本研究考察了家庭氡暴露对青少年注意力重新定向时神经振荡活动的影响。56名参与者（年龄在6至14岁之间）在脑磁图（MEG）检查期间完成了一项经典的波斯纳线索任务，并测量了每位参与者家中的氡水平。时频频谱图显示，与基线相比，任务期间的θ波（3 - 7赫兹，300 - 800毫秒）、α波（9 - 13赫兹，400 - 900毫秒）和β波反应（14 - 24赫兹，400 - 900毫秒）更强。对每个显著振荡反应进行了源重建，并通过减去任务条件（无效线索 - 有效线索）计算了有效性图谱。在一个线性回归设计中，考察了这些有效性图谱与氡暴露、年龄及其相互作用之间的关联。氡暴露较高的儿童在对注意力处理和注意力重新定向至关重要的分布区域（如背外侧前额叶皮层和前扣带回皮层）表现出异常的振荡活动。一般来说，氡暴露较高的青少年在几乎所有区域都表现出反向神经有效性效应，并且相对于氡暴露较低的同龄人，整体功率更大。我们还检测到氡暴露与年龄之间的交互作用，即氡暴露较高的青少年在涉及注意力处理的神经基质（如双侧前额叶皮层、颞上回和顶下小叶）中表现出发育轨迹的差异。这些数据表明，在对注意力和高阶认知至关重要的区域，随着家庭氡暴露增加，神经处理出现异常，但可能具有代偿性。
Zotero 插件
