Institute of Fisheries Science, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
Department of Biochemical Science & Technology, College of Life Science, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
Fish Shellfish Immunol. 2024 Jun;149:109556. doi: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109556. Epub 2024 Apr 10.
Japanese eel, Anguilla japonica, holds significant importance in Taiwanese aquaculture. With the intensification of eel farming, the impact of Edwardsiella tarda has become increasingly severe. Consequently, the abusive use of antibiotics has risen. Bacillus subtilis natto NTU-18, a strain of Bacillus with a high survival rate in feed processing, plays a crucial role in promoting intestinal health through competitive rejection, enhancing immune responses against bacterial pathogens, and improving intestinal health by modulating gastrointestinal microbiota to produce beneficial metabolites of mice and grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. This study investigated the effects of different proportions (control, 0.25 %, 0.5 %, 1 %, and 2 %) of B. subtilis natto NTU-18 added to paste feed on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, and microbiota, expression of immune-related genes, and resistance to E. tarda in Japanese glass eel. The results indicated that the growth performance of all groups with B. subtilis natto NTU-18 added was significantly higher than that of the control group and did not impact the villi morphology. The expression of immune-related genes in the kidney, specifically HSP70 and SOD, was significantly higher from 0.5 % and above than the control; however, no significant differences were observed in CAT, POD, and HSP90. In the liver, significant differences were found in HSP70 and IgM above 0.25 % compared to the control group, with no significant differences in SOD, CAT, POD, and HSP90 among all groups. Additionally, intestinal microbiota analysis revealed that the 2 % additional group had significantly lower diversity than other groups, with Cetobacterium as the dominant species. The challenge test observed that the survival rates of the 0.5 % and 1 % groups were significantly higher. This research suggests that adding 0.5 % and 1 % of B. subtilis natto NTU-18 to the diet is beneficial for Japanese glass eel's immunity, growth performance, and disease resistance.
日本鳗鲡在台湾水产养殖中具有重要意义。随着鳗鱼养殖的集约化，迟缓爱德华氏菌的影响变得越来越严重。因此，抗生素的滥用有所增加。纳豆芽孢杆菌 NTU-18 是一种在饲料加工中具有高存活率的芽孢杆菌菌株，通过竞争性排斥、增强对细菌病原体的免疫反应以及通过调节胃肠道微生物群产生有益代谢物来促进肠道健康，对小鼠和草鱼的健康发挥着重要作用。本研究调查了不同比例（对照、0.25%、0.5%、1%和 2%）纳豆芽孢杆菌 NTU-18 添加到糊状饲料中对日本玻璃鳗生长性能、肠道形态和微生物群、免疫相关基因表达以及对迟缓爱德华氏菌的抗性的影响。结果表明，所有添加纳豆芽孢杆菌 NTU-18 的组的生长性能均显著高于对照组，且不影响绒毛形态。肾中 HSP70 和 SOD 的免疫相关基因表达从 0.5%及以上均显著高于对照组；然而，CAT、POD 和 HSP90 无显著差异。在肝脏中，HSP70 和 IgM 从 0.25%及以上与对照组相比均有显著差异，SOD、CAT、POD 和 HSP90 各组之间无显著差异。此外，肠道微生物群分析表明，2%添加组的多样性明显低于其他组，Cetobacterium 为优势种。攻毒试验观察到 0.5%和 1%组的存活率显著更高。本研究表明，在饲料中添加 0.5%和 1%的纳豆芽孢杆菌 NTU-18 有利于日本玻璃鳗的免疫力、生长性能和疾病抵抗力。
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