Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts; Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Nakhon Pathom, Thailand.
Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts; ChildObesity180, Gerald J. and Dorothy R. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, Massachusetts.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2024 Aug;124(8):947-956.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2024.04.005. Epub 2024 Apr 10.
Children from families who immigrated to the United States may consume a lower-quality diet compared with their US-born peers. However, specific features of their dietary patterns, which could be a focus for improving diet quality, are not well-studied.
The aim of this study was to examine dietary patterns that distinguish interpersonal variability in dietary intake and explore the association of dietary patterns with nutrient intake and weight status.
This study was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Live Well randomized controlled trial collected between 2009 and 2010.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Study participants included 313 children (3-12 years) whose mothers immigrated to the United States from Latin America and resided in Somerville, Massachusetts.
Dietary patterns (derived using principal component analysis); nutrient intake (derived from dietary data collected using the Block Food Screener); and weight status (categorized using body mass index z score based on measured height and weight).
Nutrient intake levels were compared across quartiles for dietary patterns using analysis of covariance. Multivariable logistic or linear regression models were used to determine the associations between dietary pattern scores and odds of overweight or obesity or z scores.
Two dietary patterns emerged: "fruits and vegetables" and "meat and sweets." Highest adherence to the fruits and vegetables pattern was associated with more healthful nutrient intake and lower odds of having overweight or obesity (odds ratio 0.37; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.98), but not body mass index z score (β = -.07; 95% CI -.51 to 0.36) compared with the lowest adherence. Adherence to the meat and sweets pattern was associated with less healthful nutrient intake but not with the odds of experiencing overweight or obesity (odds ratio 0.48; 95% CI 0.16 to 1.46).
A healthful dietary pattern in children of families who immigrated to the United States from Latin America may include a variety of fruits and vegetables. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to further assess the role of dietary intake patterns on the health of these children.
与美国本土同龄人相比，移民到美国的家庭的孩子可能饮食质量较低。然而，他们饮食模式的具体特征，可能是改善饮食质量的重点，尚未得到充分研究。
本研究旨在考察区分饮食摄入个体间差异的饮食模式，并探讨饮食模式与营养素摄入和体重状况的关系。
这是一项横断面分析，基于 2009 年至 2010 年期间收集的 Live Well 随机对照试验的基线数据。
参与者/设置：研究参与者包括 313 名（3-12 岁）母亲从拉丁美洲移民到美国并居住在马萨诸塞州萨默维尔的儿童。
饮食模式（使用主成分分析法得出）；营养素摄入（使用基于测量身高和体重的 BMI z 分数的分类来确定超重或肥胖的情况）。
使用协方差分析比较饮食模式四分位数的营养素摄入水平。使用多变量逻辑或线性回归模型确定饮食模式评分与超重或肥胖的几率或 z 分数之间的关联。
出现了两种饮食模式：“水果和蔬菜”和“肉和甜食”。对水果和蔬菜模式的最高依从性与更健康的营养素摄入和较低的超重或肥胖几率相关（比值比 0.37；95%置信区间 0.16 至 0.98），但与 BMI z 分数无关（β=-.07；95%置信区间 -.51 至 0.36）。对肉和甜食模式的依从性与更不健康的营养素摄入有关，但与超重或肥胖的几率无关（比值比 0.48；95%置信区间 0.16 至 1.46）。
在从拉丁美洲移民到美国的家庭的儿童中，健康的饮食模式可能包括各种水果和蔬菜。应进行纵向研究，以进一步评估饮食摄入模式对这些儿童健康的作用。
