Medeiros Nunes Matheus, Maia Caio Rodrigues, de Andrade Santos Paulo Roberto, de Lisboa Lopes Costa Antônio, de Moura Sérgio Adriane Bezerra, de Andrade Santos Pedro Paulo
Postgraduate Program in Structural and Functional Biology, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Dental Sciences, Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), Natal, RN, Brazil.
Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2025 Mar;21(1):430-442. doi: 10.1007/s12024-024-00809-4. Epub 2024 Apr 13.
Self-mutilation lesions can represent a clinical diagnosis challenge for healthcare professionals, as patients do not admit to self-mutilation. This leads to failed diagnoses due to the similarity of this condition to other diseases. Searches on the subject were carried out at the PubMed, Periódicos Capes, Scopus, Science Direct and WoS databases, according to the following inclusion criteria: articles in English, Portuguese or Spanish, published from 2018 to June 2023, encompassing case reports, case series and literature reviews. Men are slight more affected by self-mutilation injuries, also presenting the most serious lesions. Self-mutilation injuries are reported globally, mostly in the Asian and American continents. Clinical presentations are varied, but morphology is, in most cases, associated to the form/instrument used for self-mutilation. Greater evidence of diagnosed mental disorders in women and underreporting of these cases in men due to low demands for specialized treatment are noted. A higher prevalence of self-mutilation lesions was verified for men, affecting a wide age range, with the highest number of cases in the USA. The most affected body areas are arms and external genitalia, mostly due to knife use. An association between self-mutilation injuries and mental disorders is clear, with most cases being previously undiagnosed.
自残性损伤对于医疗保健专业人员来说可能是一项临床诊断挑战，因为患者不会承认自己有自残行为。由于这种情况与其他疾病相似，这会导致诊断失败。根据以下纳入标准，在PubMed、Periódicos Capes、Scopus、Science Direct和WoS数据库中对该主题进行了检索：2018年至2023年6月发表的英文、葡萄牙文或西班牙文文章，涵盖病例报告、病例系列和文献综述。男性受自残性损伤的影响略多一些，其损伤也最为严重。自残性损伤在全球范围内都有报告，主要集中在亚洲和美洲大陆。临床表现多种多样，但在大多数情况下，形态与自残所使用的方式/工具相关。注意到女性被诊断出精神障碍的证据更多，而男性由于对专科治疗的需求较低，这些病例报告较少。已证实男性自残性损伤的患病率较高，涉及广泛的年龄范围，美国的病例数最多。受影响最严重的身体部位是手臂和外生殖器，主要原因是使用刀具。自残性损伤与精神障碍之间的关联很明显，大多数病例此前未被诊断出来。
