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全国范围内青壮年人群严重肢体缺血所致死亡率、肢体丧失和资源利用的新兴趋势。

Emerging trends in nationwide mortality, limb loss, and resource utilization for critical limb ischemia in young adults.

机构信息

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Nigeria.

Department of Internal Medicine, University of Benin Teaching Hospital, Benin, Nigeria.

出版信息

Cardiovasc Revasc Med. 2024 Oct;67:41-48. doi: 10.1016/j.carrev.2024.04.012. Epub 2024 Apr 14.

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Recent trends indicate a rise in the incidence of critical limb ischemia (CLI) among younger adults. This study examines trends in CLI hospitalization and outcomes among young adults with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in the United States.

METHODS

Adult hospitalizations (18-40 years) for PAD/CLI were analyzed from the 2016-2020 nationwide inpatient sample database using ICD-10 codes. Rates were reported per 1000 PAD or 100,000 cardiovascular disease admissions. Outcomes included trends in mortality, major amputations, revascularization, length of hospital stay (LOS), and hospital costs (THC). We used the Jonckheere-Terpstra tests for trend analysis and adjusted costs to the 2020 dollar using the consumer price index.

RESULTS

Approximately 63,045 PAD and 20,455 CLI admissions were analyzed. The mean age of the CLI cohort was 32.7 ± 3 years. The majority (12,907; 63.1 %) were female and white (11,843; 57.9 %). Annual CLI rates showed an uptrend with 3265 hospitalizations (227 per 1000 PAD hospitalizations, 22.7 %) in 2016 to 4474 (252 per 1000 PAD hospitalizations, 25.2 %) in 2020 (Ptrend<0.001), along with an increase in PAD admissions from 14,405 (188 per 100,000, 0.19 %) in 2016 to 17,745 (232 per 100,000, 0.23 %%) in 2020 (Ptrend<0.0001). Annual in-hospital mortality increased from 570 (2.8 %) in 2016 to 803 (3.9 %) in 2020 (Ptrend = 0.001) while amputations increased from 1084 (33.2 %) in 2016 to 1995 (44.6 %) in 2020 (Ptrend<0.001). Mean LOS increased from 5.1 (SD 2.7) days in 2016 to 6.5 (SD 0.9) days in 2020 (Ptrend = 0.002). The mean THC for CLI increased from $50,873 to $69,262 in 2020 (Ptrend<0.001). The endovascular revascularization rates decreased from 11.5 % (525 cases) in 2016 to 10.7 % (635 cases) in 2020 (Ptrend = 0.025). Surgical revascularization rates also increased from 4.9 % (225 cases) in 2016 to 10.4 % (600 cases) in 2020 (Ptrend = 0.041).

CONCLUSION

Hospitalization and outcomes for CLI worsened among young adults during the study period. There is an urgent need to enhance surveillance for risk factors of PAD in this age group.

摘要

背景/目的:最近的趋势表明,在美国,年轻成年人中严重肢体缺血(CLI)的发病率有所上升。本研究调查了美国年轻成年人外周动脉疾病(PAD)患者 CLI 住院和结局的趋势。

方法

从 2016 年至 2020 年全国住院患者样本数据库中使用 ICD-10 代码分析了成人 PAD/CLI 住院治疗。报告的发病率为每 1000 例 PAD 或每 100000 例心血管疾病入院的发病率。结局包括死亡率、主要截肢、血运重建、住院时间(LOS)和医院费用(THC)的趋势。我们使用 Jonckheere-Terpstra 检验进行趋势分析,并使用消费者价格指数将成本调整到 2020 年的水平。

结果

大约分析了 63045 例 PAD 和 20455 例 CLI 入院。CLI 队列的平均年龄为 32.7±3 岁。大多数(12907 例;63.1%)为女性,且为白人(11843 例;57.9%)。CLI 住院率呈上升趋势,2016 年有 3265 例住院治疗(每 1000 例 PAD 住院 227 例,22.7%),2020 年有 4474 例(每 1000 例 PAD 住院 252 例,25.2%)(Ptrend<0.001),同时 PAD 入院人数从 2016 年的 14405 例(每 100000 例 188 例,0.19%)增加到 2020 年的 17745 例(每 100000 例 232 例,0.23%)(Ptrend<0.0001)。住院死亡率从 2016 年的 570 例(2.8%)上升到 2020 年的 803 例(3.9%)(Ptrend=0.001),而截肢率从 2016 年的 1084 例(33.2%)上升到 2020 年的 1995 例(44.6%)(Ptrend<0.001)。平均 LOS 从 2016 年的 5.1(SD 2.7)天增加到 2020 年的 6.5(SD 0.9)天(Ptrend=0.002)。CLI 的平均 THC 从 2020 年的 50873 美元增加到 69262 美元(Ptrend<0.001)。血管内血运重建率从 2016 年的 11.5%(525 例)下降到 2020 年的 10.7%(635 例)(Ptrend=0.025)。血管外科血运重建率也从 2016 年的 4.9%(225 例)增加到 2020 年的 10.4%(600 例)(Ptrend=0.041)。

结论

在研究期间,年轻成年人 CLI 的住院和结局恶化。迫切需要加强对该年龄段 PAD 危险因素的监测。

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