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缅甸琥珀中的纳氏蜱科：对蜱类进化的启示

Nuttalliellidae in Burmese amber: implications for tick evolution.

作者信息

Chitimia-Dobler Lidia, Handschuh Stephan, Dunlop Jason A, Pienaar Ronel, Mans Ben J

机构信息

Department of Rickettsiology and Virology, Bundeswehr Institute of Microbiology, Munich, Germany.

Department of Infection and Pandemic Research, Fraunhofer Institute of Immunology, Infection and Pandemic Research, Penzberg, Germany.

出版信息

Parasitology. 2024 Aug;151(9):891-907. doi: 10.1017/S0031182024000477. Epub 2024 Apr 16.

DOI:10.1017/S0031182024000477
PMID:38623697
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11770530/
Abstract

Ticks are composed of 3 extant families (Argasidae, Ixodidae and Nuttalliellidae) and 2 extinct families (Deinocrotonidae and Khimairidae). The Nuttalliellidae possess one extant species () limited to the Afrotropic region. A basal relationship to the hard and soft tick families and its limited distribution suggested an origin for ticks in the Afrotropics. The Deinocrotonidae has been found in Burmese amber from Myanmar and Iberian amber from Spain, suggesting a wider distribution of the lineage composed of Deinocrotonidae and Nuttalliellidae. The current study describes 8 fossils from mid-Cretaceous (ca. 100 Ma) Burmese amber: 2 species ( sp. nov.; sp. nov.), 5 species ( sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov., sp. nov.) and a new genus and species ( nov. gen., sp. nov.). The argument is advanced that do not warrant its own family, but forms part of the Nuttalliellidae comprising 3 genera, , nov. gen. and ). Affinities of Burmese tick fossils to the Australasian region, specifically related to rifting of the Burma terrane from northern Australia ~150 million years ago, suggest that had a much wider distribution than its current limited distribution. The distribution of likely stretched from Africa over Antarctica and much of Australia, suggesting that extant members of this family may still be found in Australia. Considerations for the geographic origins of ticks conclude that an Afrotropic origin can as yet not be discarded.

摘要

蜱虫由3个现存科（软蜱科、硬蜱科和纳氏蜱科）和2个已灭绝科（恐蜱科和基迈里蜱科）组成。纳氏蜱科有一个现存物种（），仅限于非洲热带地区。它与硬蜱科和软蜱科的基部关系以及有限的分布表明蜱虫起源于非洲热带地区。恐蜱科已在缅甸的缅甸琥珀和西班牙的伊比利亚琥珀中被发现，这表明由恐蜱科和纳氏蜱科组成的谱系分布更广。本研究描述了来自白垩纪中期（约1亿年前）缅甸琥珀中的8块化石：2个 物种（ 新种； 新种）、5个 物种（ 新种、 新种、 新种、 新种、 新种）以及一个新属新种（ 新属， 新种）。有人提出 没有资格自成一科，而是纳氏蜱科的一部分，纳氏蜱科包括3个属，即 、 新属和 。缅甸蜱虫化石与澳大拉西亚地区的亲缘关系，特别是与约1.5亿年前缅甸地块从澳大利亚北部裂开有关，这表明 曾经的分布范围比目前有限的分布范围要广得多。 的分布可能从非洲延伸到南极洲和澳大利亚大部分地区，这表明该科现存成员可能仍能在澳大利亚找到。对蜱虫地理起源的考量得出结论，非洲热带起源尚未被排除。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/21d645f45afe/S0031182024000477_fig13.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/fdf547760b0d/S0031182024000477_figAb.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/bbdf93a5676f/S0031182024000477_fig1.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/69a3b01a79c4/S0031182024000477_fig2.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/3a5bcf26c19f/S0031182024000477_fig4.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/497a717b08be/S0031182024000477_fig5.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/4345ec78186c/S0031182024000477_fig7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/84810d654787/S0031182024000477_fig8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/56bb4b59f7b4/S0031182024000477_fig9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/d9fb222f5540/S0031182024000477_fig10.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/bf325383315d/S0031182024000477_fig11.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/5341a722c10f/S0031182024000477_fig12.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5d51/11770530/21d645f45afe/S0031182024000477_fig13.jpg

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Parasitology. 2023 Feb;150(2):157-171. doi: 10.1017/S0031182022001585. Epub 2022 Nov 7.
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A remarkable assemblage of ticks from mid-Cretaceous Burmese amber.来自白垩纪中期缅甸琥珀的一批引人注目的蜱虫组合。
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Nuclear (18S-28S rRNA) and mitochondrial genome markers of Carios (Carios) vespertilionis (Argasidae) support Carios Latreille, 1796 as a lineage embedded in the Ornithodorinae: re-classification of the Carios sensu Klompen and Oliver (1993) clade into its respective subgenera.核（18S-28S rRNA）和线粒体基因组标记支持 Carios（Carios）vespertilionis（Argasidae）为嵌入 Ornithodorinae 中的一个谱系：将 Klompen 和 Oliver（1993）分类群中的 Carios sensu 属重新分类为其各自的亚属。
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