Department of Biological Sciences, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, Hyderabad Campus, Shamshabad, 500078, Telangana, India.
Chadwick's FSM Laboratory, Banka BioLoo Limited, Shed No- 37, Industrial Development Area, Mallapur, 500076, Secunderabad, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 May;31(21):31619-31631. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33289-8. Epub 2024 Apr 16.
Comprehensive and proper management of fecal sludge (FS) is an ongoing concern in many nations. Decentralized fecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs) are effective in this regard; however, many have experienced strong public opposition based partly on suspicion of malodor. Fecal sludge and freshly generated fecal matter (FM) samples from various FSTPs were collected, characterized, and investigated for biomethane potential. The homogenized samples were anaerobically digested for 28 days. Digestion successfully reduced total suspended solids, biochemical oxygen demand, and threshold odor number values of 97,350-97,420 mg/l, 43,230-43,260 mg/l, and 130-150 for FM, to 49,500-49,650 mg/l, 23,760-23,850 mg/l, and 3338, respectively, for FS samples. The comprehensive gas yield from Bhongir, Boduppal, and Shadnagar FS samples was 40, 55, and 31 ml, respectively. In contrast, cumulative gas generation from the FM was 26,361 ml. Digestion of FS samples also reduced concentrations of volatile solids and coliforms by 66-72% and 99%, respectively. Characterization of gas samples revealed methane and carbon dioxide concentrations as 56% and 22% for FM, and 0.4% and 61% for FS samples, respectively. Hydrogen sulfide and ammonia gas were absent in FS samples, dispelling common societal misconceptions of FSTPs being associated with malodor.
粪便污泥（FS）的综合妥善管理是许多国家持续关注的问题。分散式粪便污泥处理厂（FSTP）在这方面非常有效；然而，许多 FSTP 都遭到了强烈的公众反对，部分原因是怀疑有恶臭。从各种 FSTP 收集了粪便污泥和新生成的粪便（FM）样本，对其进行了特性描述和生物甲烷潜力研究。将均匀化的样本进行了 28 天的厌氧消化。消化成功地将总悬浮固体、生化需氧量和阈值气味数从 FM 的 97,350-97,420mg/L、43,230-43,260mg/L 和 130-150 降低到 FS 样本的 49,500-49,650mg/L、23,760-23,850mg/L 和 3338，分别。Bhongir、Boduppal 和 Shadnagar FS 样本的综合产气量分别为 40、55 和 31ml。相比之下，FM 的累积产气量为 26,361ml。FS 样本的消化还将挥发性固体和大肠菌群的浓度分别降低了 66-72%和 99%。对气体样本的特征描述显示，FM 的甲烷和二氧化碳浓度分别为 56%和 22%，FS 样本分别为 0.4%和 61%。FS 样本中没有硫化氢和氨气，消除了人们普遍认为 FSTP 与恶臭有关的误解。
